some posts
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@ -1,315 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: intro to quox
|
||||
date: 2023-06-05
|
||||
tags: [computer, quox (language)]
|
||||
show-toc: true
|
||||
bibliography: quox.bib
|
||||
link-citations: true
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
<figure class='shaped floating' style='shape-outside: url(/images/quox.png)'
|
||||
aria-label=''>
|
||||
<img src=/images/quox.png
|
||||
alt='quox sprite from quest of ki'
|
||||
title='quox sprite from quest of ki'>
|
||||
<figcaption>(this is a quox)</figcaption>
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
hello for _a while_ now i've been working on a language called quox. the
|
||||
one-sentence, meaningless summary is "qtt and xtt mashed together".
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
wow, q and x! what an amazing coincidence!
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
but maybe i should say what those are. i'm going to _try_ to aim this at someone
|
||||
who knows normal languages. i guess we'll see how successful that is. so first,
|
||||
|
||||
# dependent types {#dt}
|
||||
|
||||
maybe you already know this one. skip it if you want. (maybe you know all of
|
||||
this but you came to say hi anyway. hi!)
|
||||
|
||||
all a <dfn>dependent type</dfn> is is a type that is allowed to talk about run
|
||||
time values. like a dependent pair might be `(len : ℕ) × Array len String` for
|
||||
a length paired with an array of strings with that length. a dependent function
|
||||
with a type like `(len : ℕ) → (x : A) → Array len A` takes a length and element
|
||||
`x` as arguments, and returns an array of that many copies of `x`.
|
||||
even ~~parametric polymorphism~~ generics are a specific form of dependent type:
|
||||
you take a type as a parameter, and get to use it in the types of the other
|
||||
arguments.
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>but i can do that in rust/c++/haskell too</summary>
|
||||
|
||||
yeah! well, partially. in rust you can have like
|
||||
|
||||
```rust
|
||||
fn replicate<const N: usize, A: Clone>(val: A) -> [A; N] {
|
||||
[(); N].map(|_| val.clone())
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
but it's a bit more restricted:
|
||||
|
||||
- `N` has to always be known at compile time. you can't, for example, have the
|
||||
length come from a config file or command-line argument
|
||||
- in rust [(at the time of writing)]{.note} and c++, only certain number-ish
|
||||
types can be used in this way. in ghc-haskell you have more choice for what
|
||||
data can be used in types, but you—or template haskell—have to rewrite
|
||||
functions for the type and value level, and have "singleton" types to bridge
|
||||
between compile time and run time
|
||||
|
||||
so yeah, you can get some of the way there, but not completely.
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
dependent types let you classify values more precisely than before, so you can
|
||||
do things like have ASTs that reflect their local variables in the type.
|
||||
|
||||
in quox, and most uses of this technique, it's enough to just keep the _number_
|
||||
of variables in scope.
|
||||
[(there are two counts in quox; see [below](#xtt) for why.)]{.note}
|
||||
in a definition like
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- i need a default quantity so i can write this without any "what's that" -->
|
||||
|
||||
```quox
|
||||
def backwards-plus : ω.ℕ → ω.ℕ → ℕ =
|
||||
λ a b ⇒ plus b a
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>what does all that mean</summary>
|
||||
|
||||
- the `ω` before each argument means you have no restrictions on how you can
|
||||
use it. see [below](#qtt). i want to have a default so you could just write
|
||||
`ℕ → ℕ → ℕ`, but i can't decide what the default should _be_
|
||||
- functions are curried, which means they take their arguments one by one, like
|
||||
in haskell or ocaml, rather than in a tuple. doing it this way makes writing
|
||||
dependencies (and quantities) easier.
|
||||
- a function is written as `λ var1 var2 ⇒ body`
|
||||
- all those funky symbols have ascii alternatives, so you if you like it better
|
||||
you can also write
|
||||
```quox
|
||||
def backwards-plus : #.Nat -> #.Nat -> Nat =
|
||||
fun a b => plus b a
|
||||
```
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
the right hand side `λ a b ⇒ plus b a` is necessarily a `Term 0 0`, with
|
||||
no local variables. the body of the function is a `Term 0 2`, because it has two
|
||||
term variables in scope.
|
||||
|
||||
typing contexts also know how many variables they bind, so you can know for sure
|
||||
you are keeping the context properly in sync with the term under consideration.
|
||||
and if you forget, then the compiler, uh, "reminds" you. since it's notoriously
|
||||
easy to make off-by-one errors and similar mistakes when dealing with variables,
|
||||
so having the computer check your work helps a lot.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
you might not want to have every property you will ever care about be always
|
||||
reflected in types. quox's expressions have their scope size in their type,
|
||||
because dealing with variables is ubiquitous and fiddly, but they don't have
|
||||
like, a flag for whether they're reducible. i _do_ care about that sometimes,
|
||||
but it's easier to have it as a separate value:
|
||||
|
||||
```idris
|
||||
-- in Data.So in the standard library
|
||||
data Oh : Bool -> Type where
|
||||
Oh : So True
|
||||
|
||||
-- in Data.DPair (simplified for now)
|
||||
data Subset : (a : Type) -> (p : a -> Type) -> Type where
|
||||
Element : (x : a) -> p x -> Subset a p
|
||||
|
||||
isRedex : Definitions -> Term d n -> Bool
|
||||
|
||||
whnf : (defs : Definitions) -> WhnfContext d n ->
|
||||
Term d n -> Subset (Term d n) (\t => So (not (isRedex defs t)))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
a term is a <dfn>redex</dfn> (reducible expression) if the top level AST node is
|
||||
something that can be immediately reduced, like a function being applied to an
|
||||
argument, or a definition that can be unfolded. <dfn>whnf</dfn> ([weak head
|
||||
normal form][whnf]) reduces the top of the expression until there are no more
|
||||
reductions to do, and then returns the result, along with a proof that there are
|
||||
no more.
|
||||
|
||||
[whnf]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_calculus_definition#Weak_head_normal_form
|
||||
|
||||
datatype arguments can be of any type, but also, data constructors can restrict
|
||||
the values of those arguments in their return types. (this is what makes them
|
||||
useful in the first place.) in this case, `So` only has one constructor, only
|
||||
usable when its argument is `True`, meaning that constructing a value of type
|
||||
`So p` is only possible if the expression `p` reduces to `True`.
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>`So` considered harmful, or whatever</summary>
|
||||
|
||||
in a lot of cases you need to write the property inductively, i.e., as a
|
||||
datatype, like
|
||||
|
||||
```idris
|
||||
data NotRedex : Definitions -> Term d n -> Type
|
||||
|
||||
-- DPair is similar to Subset
|
||||
whnf : (defs : Definitions) -> WhnfContext d n ->
|
||||
Term d n -> DPair (Term d n) (\t => NotRedex defs t)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
the reason for this is that it is often easier to define other functions by
|
||||
matching on the proof rather than the original term.
|
||||
|
||||
but in this case that is not necessary and writing a function into `Bool` is
|
||||
easier.
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
other parts of the compiler, like equality checking, can similarly require
|
||||
a proof that their arguments are not redexes, so that they don't have to keep
|
||||
calling `whnf` over and over, or risk wrongly failing if one argument isn't
|
||||
reduced enough.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# qtt (quantitative type theory) {#qtt}
|
||||
|
||||
:::note
|
||||
(idris (2) has this one too, so i can still use real examples for now)
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
having this extra safety is nice, but it would be even nicer if it we could be
|
||||
sure it wouldn't affect run time efficiency. for a long time, dependently typed
|
||||
languages have tried to use heuristics to elide constructor fields that were
|
||||
already determined by other fields, at least as far back as 2003 [@indices].
|
||||
but these analyses are anti-modular, in that a constructor field can only be
|
||||
erased if it is not matched against _anywhere_ in the whole program.
|
||||
|
||||
maybe we should try telling the computer what we actually want.
|
||||
|
||||
in qtt [@qtt; @nuttin], every local variable is annotated with
|
||||
a <dfn>quantity</dfn>, telling us how many times we can use it at run time. in
|
||||
quox [(and idris2)]{.note}, the possible choices are `0` (not at all;
|
||||
<dfn>erased</dfn>), `1` (exactly once; <dfn>linear</dfn>), and `ω` (any number
|
||||
of times; <dfn>unrestricted</dfn>, and the default in idris and not written). if
|
||||
a variable is marked with `0`, then you can't do anything with it that would
|
||||
affect run time behaviour. for example,
|
||||
|
||||
- you can only match on values if their type has one or zero cases. if you
|
||||
"have" a variable of the empty type `v : {}`, you're already in an unreachable
|
||||
branch, so it's fine to abort with
|
||||
`case0 v return 〈whatever〉 of { }`.
|
||||
if you have an erased pair, it's fine to split it up, but the two parts will
|
||||
still be erased.
|
||||
matching on something like `Bool` isn't possible, because the value is no
|
||||
longer there to look at.
|
||||
|
||||
- type signatures only exist at compile time so you can do whatever you want
|
||||
there.
|
||||
|
||||
- equality proofs don't have any computational behaviour (unlike in [some other
|
||||
type theories][hott]), so [coercion](#xtt) works with an erased proof
|
||||
|
||||
[hott]: https://homotopytypetheory.org
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
as well as erasure, there is also linearity. a linear variable must be used
|
||||
exactly once in a linear context (and any number of times in an erased context,
|
||||
like in types or proofs talking about it). this is useful for things like file
|
||||
handles and other kinds of resources that have strict usage requirements. it's
|
||||
similar to passing a variable by value in rust, where after you do so, you can't
|
||||
use it yourself any more.
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
there's no equivalent to <dfn>borrowing</dfn> inside the type system, but
|
||||
i think with a careful choice of builtins, it would be possible to do a similar
|
||||
thing in an external library.
|
||||
|
||||
_[rust person voice]_ it would be less _ergonomic_ as library, but having
|
||||
a borrow checker inside the language would immediately blow my _complexity
|
||||
budget_. :crab:
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
i don't have much to say about this, honestly, but ask any rust user about the
|
||||
benefits of tracking resource ownership in types.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
so where do these quantities come from? from the types, of course. a function
|
||||
type in quox, which looks like `ρ.(x : A) → B`, has a quantity ρ attached,
|
||||
which describes how a function value of that type can use its argument.
|
||||
an identity function `λ x ⇒ x` can have type `1.A → A` or `ω.A → A`, but not
|
||||
`0.A → A`. and a "diagonal" function `λ x ⇒ (x, x)` can only be `ω.A → A × A`.
|
||||
|
||||
a whole definition can be erased (and if it's a definition of a type, it has to
|
||||
be, since types don't exist at run time), like
|
||||
|
||||
```quox
|
||||
def0 TwoOfThem : ★ = ℕ × ℕ
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
finally, you can mark a specific term with a quantity. say you want to write
|
||||
a function that returns some number, plus an erased proof that it's even.
|
||||
obviously you can't mark the whole definition as erased with `def0`, since
|
||||
you want the number itself. and giving the return type as `(n : ℕ) × Even n`
|
||||
makes the proof appear at run time, which might be unwanted if it's something
|
||||
big. so you can erase the second half of the pair by writing
|
||||
`(n : ℕ) × [0. Even n]`. a value of a "boxed" type `\[π. A]` is written `\[e]`
|
||||
if `e : A`. for a slightly bigger example, you might want a decidable equality
|
||||
that gives you _erased_ proofs, so you can use them in coercions, but they don't
|
||||
show up at run time.
|
||||
|
||||
```quox
|
||||
def0 Not : ω.★ → ★ = λ A ⇒ ω.A → {}
|
||||
|
||||
def0 Either : ω.★ → ω.★ → ★ = ⋯ -- constructors Left and Right
|
||||
|
||||
def0 Dec : ω.★ → ★ = λ A ⇒ Either [0. A] [0. Not A]
|
||||
|
||||
def Yes : 0.(A : ★) → 0.A → Dec A = λ A y ⇒ Left [0. A] [0. Not A] [y]
|
||||
def No : 0.(A : ★) → 0.(Not A) → Dec A = λ A n ⇒ Right [0. A] [0. Not A] [n]
|
||||
|
||||
def0 DecEq : ω.★ → ★ = λ A ⇒ ω.(x y : A) → Dec (x ≡ y : A)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
you can also use the same construction to have some unrestricted parts of an
|
||||
otherwise linear structure.
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
still missing from this story, in my opinion, is some form of compile-time
|
||||
irrelevance. a lot of the time, you don't care about the content of a proof,
|
||||
only that it is satisfied, so if division has a type like
|
||||
`div : 1.ℚ → 1.(d : ℚ) → 0.(NonZero d) → ℚ`, you want some way to get
|
||||
`div x y p₁` and `div x y p₂` to always be equal, without even having to look at
|
||||
`p₁` and `p₂`. there's no way to do that yet, because it doesn't seem to fit
|
||||
into qtt cleanly. maybe a single squash type..?
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# xtt ("extensional" type theory) {#xtt}
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
but not _that_ extensional type theory
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
[@xtt]
|
||||
|
||||
# other stuff {#misc}
|
||||
|
||||
- crude but effective [@crude; @mugen]
|
||||
- bidirectional typechecking [@bidi]
|
||||
- ...
|
||||
|
||||
# i still don't know how to actually write a program {.unnumbered}
|
||||
|
||||
i know. that's ok. i'm just trying to communicate why someone might,
|
||||
hypothetically, care.
|
||||
|
||||
did it work?
|
||||
|
||||
# references {#ref}
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: quox. the language
|
||||
date: 2023-10-25
|
||||
tags: [quox, computer, types]
|
||||
bibliography: quox.bib
|
||||
link-citations: true
|
||||
show-toc: true
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
<style>
|
||||
header h1 { margin-left: 0; }
|
||||
header h1::before, header h1::after {
|
||||
content: url(../images/qt.svg);
|
||||
display: inline-block;
|
||||
height: 0.75em; width: 0.75em;
|
||||
padding: 0 0.5em;
|
||||
}
|
||||
header h1::before {
|
||||
transform: rotateY(0.5turn);
|
||||
}
|
||||
main > :is(h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6)::after {
|
||||
content: url(../images/quox-tod.png);
|
||||
image-rendering: crisp-edges;
|
||||
image-rendering: pixelated;
|
||||
margin-left: 0.5em;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.qtt-q { font-family: Muller; font-weight: 600; color: #60c; }
|
||||
.xtt-x { font-family: Muller; font-weight: 600; color: #082; }
|
||||
|
||||
#panqt {
|
||||
--width: 202px; --height: 200px;
|
||||
}
|
||||
#panqt div {
|
||||
width: var(--width); height: var(--height);
|
||||
position: relative;
|
||||
}
|
||||
#panqt img, #panqt div::before {
|
||||
position: absolute;
|
||||
top: 0; left: 0;
|
||||
width: var(--width); height: var(--height);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#panqt div::before {
|
||||
content:
|
||||
image-set(url(../images/panqt.png) 1x,
|
||||
url(../images/panqt2x.png) 2x);
|
||||
mix-blend-mode: multiply;
|
||||
}
|
||||
#panqt figcaption {
|
||||
width: var(--width);
|
||||
}
|
||||
</style>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
:::{.aside .floating}
|
||||
### [hot minute][wkt] *n.* {.unnumbered}
|
||||
|
||||
1. A long period of time.
|
||||
2. A short period of time.
|
||||
3. An unspecified period of time.
|
||||
|
||||
[wkt]: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hot_minute
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
for the last _hot minute_ [@hotminute], i’ve been working on a little programming language. it’s finally starting to approach a state where it can compile some programs, so maybe i should talk about it a bit.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# what is a quox [(tl;dr for type system nerds)]{.note}
|
||||
|
||||
<figure class=floating>
|
||||
<img src=../images/quox.png class='shadow pixel'
|
||||
alt='a dragon from an old arcade game'
|
||||
title='use my warps to skip some floors!'>
|
||||
<figcaption>this is also a quox.</figcaption>
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
0. it’s a *dependently typed functional language*, like your agdas and your idrises.
|
||||
1. *[q]{.qtt-q}uantitative type theory* (qtt) [@nuttin; @qtt] is a nice combination of dependent types, resource tracking, and erasure of stuff like proofs.
|
||||
2. it uses *[x]{.xtt-x}tt* [@xtt] for equality. i think it's neat
|
||||
3. it has a *closed type universe*. you don’t define new datatypes, but the language gives you building blocks to put them together. this is because of xtt originally, but i just ran with it.
|
||||
|
||||
so now you can see where the name [q]{.qtt-q}uo[x]{.xtt-x} comes from. other than my favourite dragon. anyway it also has
|
||||
|
||||
4. *bidirectional type checking* [@bidi]
|
||||
5. crude-but-effective stratification [@crude; @crude-blog] for dealing with universes
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# dependent types
|
||||
|
||||
<figure class=floating>
|
||||
<div><img src=../images/panqt.png srcset='../images/panqt.png 2x'
|
||||
width=202 height=200
|
||||
alt='one of my fursonas is a quox with three heads'
|
||||
title='i hear putting pictures of your fursona on your blog is a good way to get hacker news types Big Mad'></div>
|
||||
<figcaption>
|
||||
sometimes i am also a quox. or three, depending on how you count.
|
||||
</figcaption>
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
there are lots of languages with dependent types already. if you are reading this, chances are probably _quite_ high you already know what they are and can skip to the next section.
|
||||
|
||||
`*but still something. probably*`
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# qtt
|
||||
|
||||
sometimes, values can only be used in certain ways to make sense. this isn't controversial: it's the old use-after-free.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# xtt
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# references {#refs}
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,513 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: quox's type system
|
||||
tags: [quox, programming]
|
||||
date: 2021-07-26
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
main inspirations:
|
||||
|
||||
- [quantitative type theory](https://bentnib.org/quantitative-type-theory.pdf)
|
||||
(2018\)
|
||||
- mostly [conor's version](
|
||||
https://personal.cis.strath.ac.uk/conor.mcbride/PlentyO-CR.pdf),
|
||||
even though it's older (2016)
|
||||
- track how often things are used in terms. you get linearity if you want
|
||||
it, but also, predictable erasure
|
||||
- [graded modal dependent type theory](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.13163) (2021)
|
||||
- a refinement of qtt. track occurrences in types too! your context becomes
|
||||
two-dimensional but that's ok
|
||||
- also the way quantities are tracked is a bit different
|
||||
- [observational type theory](
|
||||
https://www.cs.nott.ac.uk/~psztxa/publ/obseqnow.pdf) (2007)
|
||||
- nice middle ground between intensional and extensional type theory. you
|
||||
get stuff like funext in a decidable setting
|
||||
- [xtt](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.08562.pdf)
|
||||
("extensional" type theory, but not that one) (2019)
|
||||
- a cubical reformulation of the ideas in ott. no univalence stuff tho,
|
||||
don't worry i'm still #⁠UIP⁠Crew
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- those are WORD JOINERs btw, so that hopefully a screen reader will know to
|
||||
say "hash u.i.p. crew" instead of whatever else -->
|
||||
|
||||
the basic idea is to mash all of these things together, obviously, but also to
|
||||
embrace a closed type theory, so that stuff like the type-case in xtt can make
|
||||
sense, and try to be a nice language anyway. what's a datatype?
|
||||
|
||||
the core then only needs to know about basic type formers like functions,
|
||||
pairs, w-types (:cold_sweat:), cubes (:cold_sweat: :cold_sweat: :cold_sweat:),
|
||||
etc, and their eliminators, instead of having to do the whole thing with
|
||||
datatypes and functions. those would still exist in an eventual surface
|
||||
language tho, since otherwise writing anything will be extremely painful, but
|
||||
elaborated to this stuff.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# syntax
|
||||
|
||||
:::defs
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\newcommand\EQ{\mathrel\Coloneqq}
|
||||
\newcommand\OR[1][]{\mkern17mu #1| \mkern10mu}
|
||||
\newcommand\Or{\mathrel|}
|
||||
\newcommand\KW\mathsf
|
||||
\newcommand\L\mathbfsf
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\newcommand\Type[1]{\KW{type}_{#1}}
|
||||
\newcommand\Tup[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}
|
||||
\newcommand\WTy{\mathbin\blacktriangleleft}
|
||||
\newcommand\WTm{\mathbin\vartriangleleft}
|
||||
\newcommand\BoxType{\mathop\blacksquare}
|
||||
\newcommand\BoxTy[1]{\mathop{\blacksquare_{#1}}}
|
||||
\newcommand\BoxTm{\mathop\square}
|
||||
\newcommand\Case{\KW{case}\:}
|
||||
\newcommand\Of{\:\KW{of}\:}
|
||||
\newcommand\Return{\:\KW{return}\:}
|
||||
\newcommand\Rec{\KW{rec}\:}
|
||||
\newcommand\With{\:\KW{with}\:}
|
||||
\newcommand\Arr{\mathrel\mapsto}
|
||||
\newcommand\TCArr{\mkern-10mu \Arr}
|
||||
\newcommand\Coe{\KW{coe}\:}
|
||||
\newcommand\Comp{\KW{comp}\:}
|
||||
\newcommand\Qty{\mathrel\diamond}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
bidirectional syntax. i like it.
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\begin{align*}
|
||||
x,y,z,X,Y,Z &\EQ \dotsb & \text{term variables} \\
|
||||
\iota &\EQ \dotsb & \text{dimension variables} \\
|
||||
\ell &\EQ n & \text{universe levels ($n \in \mathbb{N}$)} \\
|
||||
\L{a},\L{b},\L{c}, \text{etc} &\EQ \dotsb & \text{symbols} \\[.75em]
|
||||
%
|
||||
\pi,\rho,\phi,\sigma &\EQ 0 \Or 1 \Or \omega
|
||||
& \text{quantities} \\[.75em]
|
||||
%
|
||||
q,r &\EQ \varepsilon \Or \iota & \text{dimensions} \\
|
||||
\varepsilon &\EQ 0 \Or 1 & \text{dimension endpoints} \\[.75em]
|
||||
%
|
||||
s,t,A,B &\EQ \Type\ell & \text{types \& terms: universe} \\
|
||||
&\OR (x \Qty \pi,\rho : A) \to B \Or \lambda x. t
|
||||
& \text{functions} \\
|
||||
&\OR (x \Qty \rho : A) \times B \Or \Tup{s, t}
|
||||
& \text{pairs} \\
|
||||
&\OR (x \Qty \rho,\phi : A) \WTy B \Or s \WTm t
|
||||
& \text{inductive data} \\
|
||||
&\OR \{ \overline{\L{a}_i}^i \} \Or \L{a}
|
||||
& \text{enumerations} \\
|
||||
&\OR \BoxTy\pi A \Or \BoxTm s
|
||||
& \text{quantity} \\
|
||||
&\OR s =_{\iota.A} t \Or \lambda\iota.s
|
||||
& \text{equalities} \\
|
||||
&\OR \underline{e}
|
||||
& \text{elimination in term} \\[.75em]
|
||||
%
|
||||
e, f &\EQ x & \text{eliminations: variable} \\
|
||||
&\OR f \: s
|
||||
& \text{application} \\
|
||||
&\OR \Case e \Return z. A \Of \Tup{x, y} \Arr s
|
||||
& \text{unpairing} \\
|
||||
&\OR \Rec e \Return z. A \With s
|
||||
& \text{recursion} \\
|
||||
&\OR \Case e \Return z. A \Of
|
||||
\{ \overline{\L{a}_i \Arr s_i}^i \}
|
||||
& \text{enumeration} \\
|
||||
&\OR \Case e \Return z. A \Of \BoxTm x \Arr s
|
||||
& \text{quantity} \\
|
||||
&\OR f \: q
|
||||
& \text{equality application} \\
|
||||
&\OR \Coe (\iota.A)^q_{q'} \: s
|
||||
& \text{coercion} \\
|
||||
&\OR[\left] \Comp A^q_{q'} \: s \:
|
||||
\left\{
|
||||
\begin{aligned}
|
||||
(r=0) & \Arr \iota.t_0 \\
|
||||
(r=1) & \Arr \iota.t_1
|
||||
\end{aligned}
|
||||
\right\} \right.
|
||||
& \text{composition} \\
|
||||
&\OR[\left] \Case e \Return A \Of
|
||||
\left\{
|
||||
\begin{array}{ll}
|
||||
\Type{} & \TCArr t_0 \\
|
||||
\Pi \: X \: Y & \TCArr t_1 \\
|
||||
\Sigma \: X \: Y & \TCArr t_2 \\
|
||||
\KW{W} \: X \: Y & \TCArr t_3 \\
|
||||
\KW{Enum} & \TCArr t_4 \\
|
||||
\BoxType X & \TCArr t_5 \\
|
||||
\KW{Eq} \: X \: X' \: y \: z \: z' & \TCArr t_6 \\
|
||||
\end{array}
|
||||
\right\} \right.
|
||||
& \text{type case} \\
|
||||
&\OR s : A
|
||||
& \text{annotation}
|
||||
\end{align*}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
__TODO wtf does all this cube stuff even mean. especially composition__
|
||||
|
||||
i'm going to use abbreviations like $A \to_\pi B$ for $(x \Qty \pi,0 : A) \to
|
||||
B$, just $A$ for $z. A$ or $\iota. A$ in elim return types, etc for
|
||||
non-dependent stuff. $\emptyset$ means $\{\,\}$.
|
||||
|
||||
a function type has two quantities attached to it, since unlike in qtt classique
|
||||
we care about what's going on in types too. in $(x \Qty \pi,\rho : A) \to B$,
|
||||
$x$ is used $\pi$ times in the body of a function of this type, and it's used
|
||||
$\rho$ times in $B$ itself.
|
||||
|
||||
pairs $(x \Qty \rho : A) \times B$ only have one since it's just two things, the
|
||||
first doesn't occur in the second at all, but we still care about what's going
|
||||
on in $B$
|
||||
|
||||
w-types $(x \Qty \rho,\phi : A) \WTy B$ also have two quantities, but in
|
||||
a different way. the $\rho$ still says how $x$ is used in $B$, but this time
|
||||
$\phi$ says how $x$ is used in $t$ in a term like $s \WTm \lambda x. t$.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## examples of encodings
|
||||
|
||||
also possible syntax. TODO universe & quantity polymorphism obviously
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
-- empty type
|
||||
Void : type 0 := {};
|
||||
|
||||
absurd : (A @ 0,1 : type 0) -> Void @ 1 -> A :=
|
||||
fun A v => case v return A of {};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
-- unit type
|
||||
Unit : type 0 := {'tt};
|
||||
|
||||
swallow : (A @ 0,2 : type 0) -> Unit @ 1 -> A -> A :=
|
||||
fun t x => case t return A of {'tt => x};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
-- boolean type
|
||||
Bool : type 0 := {'false; 'true};
|
||||
|
||||
-- use 'case' for 'if'
|
||||
not : Bool @ 1 -> Bool :=
|
||||
fun b => case b return Bool of {'false => 'true; 'true => 'false};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
-- natural numbers
|
||||
NatTag : type 0 := {'zero; 'suc};
|
||||
NatBody : NatTag @ 1 -> type 0 :=
|
||||
fun n => case n return type 0 of {'zero => Void; 'suc => Unit};
|
||||
|
||||
Nat : type 0 := (tag : NatTag @ 1,1) <|| NatBody tag;
|
||||
|
||||
zero : Nat := 'zero <| absurd;
|
||||
suc : Nat @ 1 -> Nat := fun n => 'suc <| fun t => swallow t n;
|
||||
|
||||
elimNat : (P @ inf,0 : Nat @ inf -> type 0) ->
|
||||
(Z @ inf,0 : P zero) ->
|
||||
(S @ inf,0 : (n @ 1,2 : Nat) -> P n -> P (suc n)) ->
|
||||
(n @ inf,1 : Nat) -> P n :=
|
||||
fun P Z S n =>
|
||||
rec n return n₀. P n₀ with fun tag =>
|
||||
case tag
|
||||
return t. (f @ inf,2 : NatBody t @ 0 -> Nat) ->
|
||||
(IH @ inf,0 : (b @ 1 : NatBody t) -> P (f b)) ->
|
||||
P (t <| f)
|
||||
of {'zero => fun _ _ => Z;
|
||||
'suc => fun f IH => S (f 'tt) (IH 'tt)}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
or something.　:ghost: eliminators :ghost: w-types :ghost: \
|
||||
it's a core language and it's possible to translate a good language to
|
||||
these primitives, so try not to worry that it is impossible to write an
|
||||
elimination for a w-type correctly first try.
|
||||
|
||||
btw, you can see in `elimNat` that the part after `with` is a partially applied
|
||||
function. this seems to be the most common pattern for dependent eliminators,
|
||||
which is why it's `rec n with s` instead of something like
|
||||
`case n of (tag <| f, IH) => s[tag,f,IH]`.
|
||||
getting rid of those `inf`s (and those in `elimNat`'s type) will need dependent
|
||||
quantities arrrg
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# type rules
|
||||
|
||||
:::defs
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\newcommand\Q{\mathrel|}
|
||||
\newcommand\Z{\mathbf0}
|
||||
\newcommand\Chk{\mathrel\Leftarrow}
|
||||
\newcommand\Syn{\mathrel\Rightarrow}
|
||||
\newcommand\Ty[3]{\frac{\begin{matrix}#2\end{matrix}}{#3}\;\mathbfsf{#1}}
|
||||
\newcommand\AA{\textcolor{Purple}}
|
||||
\newcommand\BB{\textcolor{OliveGreen}}
|
||||
\newcommand\CC{\textcolor{RoyalBlue}}
|
||||
\newcommand\DD{\textcolor{Bittersweet}}
|
||||
\newcommand\EE{\textcolor{WildStrawberry}}
|
||||
\newcommand\FF{\textcolor{PineGreen}}
|
||||
\newcommand\GG{\textcolor{RedViolet}}
|
||||
\newcommand\HH{\textcolor{RedOrange}}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
:::rulebox
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\begin{gather}
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\AA{s} \Chk \BB{A}
|
||||
\dashv \AA{\delta_s}; \BB{\delta_A} \\[.1em]
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\AA{e} \Syn \BB{A}
|
||||
\dashv \AA{\delta_e}; \BB{\delta_A} \\
|
||||
\end{gather}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
ok. here we go. tybes. get ready for Density. to try and make things a little
|
||||
easier to pick out, quantities will be colour coded with where they came from.
|
||||
some of the colours are too similar. sorry.
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\begin{align*}
|
||||
\Gamma &\EQ \cdot \Or \Gamma, x : A
|
||||
& \text{type context} \\
|
||||
\delta &\EQ \cdot \Or \delta, \pi x
|
||||
& \text{quantity vector} \\
|
||||
\Delta &\EQ \cdot \Or \Delta, \delta
|
||||
& \text{quantity context} \\
|
||||
\Psi &\EQ \cdot \Or \Psi, \iota \Or \Psi, q=r
|
||||
& \text{cube}
|
||||
\end{align*}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
a context $\Gamma$ is a list of types, as always.
|
||||
|
||||
a quantity context $\Delta$ is a triangle of how many times each type in
|
||||
$\Gamma$ uses all the previous ones. $\delta$ is a single vector of quantities,
|
||||
used for counting the quantities of everything in the subject and the subject's
|
||||
type. $0\Gamma$ means a quantity vector with the variables of $\Gamma$, with
|
||||
everything set to zero.
|
||||
|
||||
a :ice_cube: cube :ice_cube: collects the dimension variables in scope, and
|
||||
constraints between them.
|
||||
|
||||
the grtt paper (which doesn't have cubes) has this example (but written slightly
|
||||
differently):
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\left(\begin{smallmatrix}
|
||||
\\
|
||||
1 A \\
|
||||
1 A & 0 x \\
|
||||
\end{smallmatrix}\right) \Q
|
||||
(A: \Type0, x: A, y: A) \vdash
|
||||
\AA{x} \Syn \BB{A}
|
||||
\dashv \AA{(0A,1x,0y)}; \BB{(1A,0x,0y)}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
in $\Delta$ (the big thing at the beginning):
|
||||
|
||||
- $A$ is the first element, so there is nothing it could mention, and it has
|
||||
just an empty list $()$.
|
||||
- $x: A$ contains $A$ once, which is the only option, so it has $(1A)$.
|
||||
- $y: A$ also mentions $A$, but not $x$, so it's $(1A,0x)$.
|
||||
|
||||
after the type of the subject are two more quantity vectors. the first is how
|
||||
the context elements are used in the subject itself, and the second how they're
|
||||
used in its type.
|
||||
|
||||
by the way the reason i write the judgements this way with those two vectors at
|
||||
the end is because they are outputs, so now everything before $\vdash$ is an
|
||||
input, and everything after $\dashv$ is an output. whether the type is an input
|
||||
or output varies: since the syntax is bidirectional, $s \Chk A$ means that
|
||||
the term $s$ can only be checked against a known $A$ (so it's an input), and
|
||||
$e \Syn A$ means that for an elimination $e$ the type $A$ can be inferred (so
|
||||
it's an output).
|
||||
|
||||
## universes
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{type}{
|
||||
\AA{\ell} < \BB{\ell'}
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\AA{\Type\ell} \Chk \BB{\Type{\ell'}}
|
||||
\dashv 0\Gamma; 0\Gamma
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
universes are cumulative. since we have a known universe to check against, why
|
||||
not.
|
||||
|
||||
## functions
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{fun}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\AA{A} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv \AA{\delta_A}; 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A}) \Q (\Gamma, x : \AA{A}) \vdash
|
||||
\BB{B} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\BB{\delta_B}, \EE\rho x); (0\Gamma, 0x) \\
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
(x \Qty \DD\pi,\EE\rho : \AA{A}) \to \BB{B} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B}); 0\Gamma
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
in formation rules like this, the type-level quantities being all zero doesn't
|
||||
actually have to be checked, since everything is being checked against
|
||||
$\Type\ell$ which never uses variables. if universe polymorphism starts existing
|
||||
that will have to be tweaked in some way. maybe rules like __lam__ will have
|
||||
$\AA{\delta_A}; \FF{\delta_\ell}$ in the output of the first premise, and
|
||||
$\CC{\delta_t}; (\AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B} + \FF{\delta_\ell})$ in the
|
||||
conclusion. something like that.
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{lam}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\AA{A} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv \AA{\delta_A}; 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A}) \Q (\Gamma, x : \AA{A}) \vdash
|
||||
\CC{t} \Chk \BB{B}
|
||||
\dashv (\CC{\delta_t}; \DD\pi x); (\BB{\delta_B}; \EE\rho x) \\
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\lambda x. \CC{t} \Chk (x \Qty \DD\pi,\EE\rho : \AA{A}) \to \BB{B}
|
||||
\dashv \CC{\delta_t}; (\AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B})
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{app}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\FF{f} \Syn (x \Qty \DD\pi,\EE\rho : \AA{A}) \to \BB{B}
|
||||
\dashv \FF{\delta_f}; (\AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B}) \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A}) \Q (\Gamma, x : \AA{A}) \vdash
|
||||
\BB{B} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\BB{\delta_B}, \EE\rho x); (0\Gamma, 0x) \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\CC{s} \Chk \AA{A}
|
||||
\dashv \CC{\delta_s}; \AA{\delta_A} \\
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\FF{f} \: \CC{s} \Syn \BB{B}[\CC{s}/x]
|
||||
\dashv (\FF{\delta_f} + \DD\pi\CC{\delta_s});
|
||||
(\BB{\delta_B} + \EE\rho\CC{\delta_s})
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
the head of an application needs to inferrable, but a lambda isn't. so a
|
||||
β redex is actually going to be something like
|
||||
$\big((\lambda x. t) : (x \Qty \pi,\rho : A) \to B\big) \: t$
|
||||
with an annotation on the head. probably from an inlined definition with a type
|
||||
signature.
|
||||
|
||||
## pairs
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{pair}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\AA{A} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv \AA{\delta_A}; 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A}) \Q (\Gamma, x : \AA{A}) \vdash
|
||||
\BB{B} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\BB{\delta_B}, \EE\rho x); 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
(x \Qty \EE\rho : \AA{A}) \times \BB{B} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B}); 0\Gamma
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{comma}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\CC{s} \Chk \AA{A}
|
||||
\dashv \CC{\delta_s}; \AA{\delta_A} \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A}) \Q (\Gamma, x : \AA{A}) \vdash
|
||||
\BB{B} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\BB{\delta_B}, \EE\rho x); 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\DD{t} \Chk \BB{B}[\CC{s}/x]
|
||||
\dashv \DD{\delta_t}; (\BB{\delta_B} + \EE\rho\CC{\delta_s}) \\
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\Tup{\CC{s}, \DD{t}} \Chk (x \Qty \EE\rho : \AA{A}) \times \BB{B}
|
||||
\dashv (\CC{\delta_s} + \DD{\delta_t}); (\AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B})
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{casepair}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\FF{e} \Syn (x \Qty \EE\rho : \AA{A}) \times \BB{B}
|
||||
\dashv \FF{\delta_e}; (\AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B}) \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\AA{A} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv \AA{\delta_A}; 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A}) \Q (\Gamma, x : \AA{A}) \vdash
|
||||
\BB{B} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\BB{\delta_B}, \EE\rho x); 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A} + \BB{\delta_B})
|
||||
\Q (\Gamma, z: (x \Qty \EE\rho : \AA{A}) \times \BB{B}) \vdash
|
||||
\GG{C} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv (\GG{\delta_C}, \HH\sigma z); 0\Gamma \\
|
||||
\Psi \Q (\Delta, \AA{\delta_A}, (\BB{\delta_B}, \EE\rho))
|
||||
\Q (\Gamma, x : \AA{A}, y : \BB{B}) \vdash
|
||||
\CC{s} \Chk \GG{C}[\Tup{x, y}/z]
|
||||
\dashv (\CC{\delta_s}, \DD\pi x, \DD\pi y);
|
||||
(\GG{\delta_C}, \HH\sigma x, \HH\sigma y)
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
(\Case \FF{e} \Return z. \GG{C} \Of \Tup{x, y} \Arr \CC{s})
|
||||
\Syn \GG{C}[\FF{e}/z]
|
||||
\dashv (\CC{\delta_s} + \DD\pi\FF{\delta_e});
|
||||
(\GG{\delta_C} + \HH\sigma\FF{\delta_e})
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
## inductive data
|
||||
|
||||
:^)
|
||||
|
||||
## enumerations
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{enum}{}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\{ \overline{\L{a}_i}^i \} \Chk \Type\ell
|
||||
\dashv 0\Gamma; 0\Gamma
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{symbol}{
|
||||
\L{a} \in \overline{\L{a}_i}^i
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\L{a} \Chk \{ \overline{\L{a}_i}^i \}
|
||||
\dashv 0\Gamma; 0\Gamma
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
$$
|
||||
\Ty{caseenum}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\FF{e} \Syn \{\L{a}_i\}
|
||||
\dashv \FF{\delta_e}; 0\Gamma \qquad
|
||||
\overline{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\CC{s_i} \Chk \AA{A}[\L{a}_i/z]
|
||||
\dashv \CC{\delta_s}; \AA{\delta_A}
|
||||
}^i
|
||||
}{
|
||||
\Psi \Q \Delta \Q \Gamma \vdash
|
||||
\Case \FF{e} \Return z. \AA{A} \Of \{ \overline{\L{a}_i \Arr \CC{s_i}}^i \}
|
||||
\dashv (\FF{\delta_e} + \CC{\delta_s}); \AA{\delta_A}
|
||||
}
|
||||
$$
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
__TODO__ the rest
|
||||
274
posts-wip/rainbow-quox.md
Normal file
274
posts-wip/rainbow-quox.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: rainbow quox
|
||||
date: 2024-11-17
|
||||
tags: [computer, website, fursona]
|
||||
summary: q.t. colour scheme generator
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
so how about that regular posting, huh. ha ha ha
|
||||
|
||||
i haven't been up to much unusual. [drawing], mostly. i installed [nixos] on both my computers and it's going pretty well so far [(less than a week)]{.note}, but every computer toucher does that at some point, so, whatever.
|
||||
|
||||
[drawing]: https://gallery.niss.website
|
||||
[nixos]: https://nixos.org
|
||||
|
||||
anyway, to the point.
|
||||
|
||||
:::banner
|
||||
[go here if you just want to play with the thing][thing]
|
||||
<!-- TODO add this link!!! -->
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
# the point {.unnumbered}
|
||||
|
||||
the animal-inclined might know that [q.t.][qt] can change its colour any time it wants. if you click that link you can clearly see i have some tendencies, but it can in theory be anything. so something i have wanted for a while is a page where you can click a button and get a bespoke randomly-generated quox theme of your very own.
|
||||
|
||||
so i did that.
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
you can also skip to [what i _actually_ ended up doing](#actual), if you don't care about the false starts.
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
[qt]: https://gallery.niss.website/by-any/#qt
|
||||
|
||||
# doing that
|
||||
|
||||
{.floating .expandable .nobg .shaped}
|
||||
|
||||
pretty much what i want to do, at least to begin with, is take the original colours of the image and move the hues around at random.
|
||||
|
||||
if you look at [mdn], you might see this interesting [`hue-rotate()`][hr] thing that might do what i want. let's have a look.
|
||||
|
||||
[mdn]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS
|
||||
[hr]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter-function/hue-rotate
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note:** `hue-rotate()` is specified as a matrix operation on the RGB color. It does not actually convert the color to the HSL model, which is a non-linear operation. Therefore, it may not preserve the saturation or lightness of the original color, especially for saturated colors.
|
||||
|
||||
well that doesn't sound very promising. but maybe it'll be fine, so let's try it. first, separate the pictures from [q.t.'s refsheet][ref] into bits. like this.
|
||||
|
||||
[ref]: https://gallery.niss.website/main/niss/2024-06-27-qt
|
||||
|
||||
{.expandable .lightbg}
|
||||
|
||||
now let's layer them back on top of each other with some css.
|
||||
|
||||
```html
|
||||
<!doctype html>
|
||||
<style>
|
||||
#container {
|
||||
width: 100%; position: relative;
|
||||
img { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
|
||||
}
|
||||
</style>
|
||||
|
||||
<div id=container>
|
||||
<img src=outer.png> <img src=belly.png> <img src=eyes.png>
|
||||
<img src=tongues.png> <img src=collars.png> <img src=masks.png>
|
||||
<img src=socks.png> <img src=stripes.png> <img src=lines.png>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
{.floating .left .nobg .expandable .shaped}
|
||||
|
||||
ok, next, actually try to do the hue stuff. to check it works at all, i shoved everything to hue 0° (using krita's _hue HSL_ blend mode), and used `hue-rotate()` to change it back to the 'main' colour of each region---it won't look exact, but it'll be close.
|
||||
|
||||
```css
|
||||
#container img { filter: hue-rotate(var(--hue)); }
|
||||
|
||||
#outer { --hue: 273deg; } #belly { --hue: 26deg; }
|
||||
#eyes { --hue: 133deg; } #masks { --hue: 284deg; }
|
||||
#stripes { --hue: 188deg; } #lines { --hue: 273deg; }
|
||||
/* also add the id to each image */
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
right?
|
||||
|
||||
{.expandable .nobg}
|
||||
|
||||
well that's no good at all. i guess that warning was serious.
|
||||
|
||||
# ok what about blend modes
|
||||
|
||||
{.floating .expandable}
|
||||
|
||||
all right, fine. what else. as a chronic over-user of `overlay`, i can certainly tell you that css has a few [blending modes][bm]. not as many as krita, which has approximately "too many", but enough for most purposes. one of them is `hue`. how about that.
|
||||
|
||||
[bm]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/blend-mode
|
||||
|
||||
this takes a bit more messing, because i need to create a flood fill of one of the colours from that layer, and blend with that. so how about an SVG filter, i guess. or, six SVG filters---one for each filter, since you can't parametrise them.
|
||||
|
||||
time to copy and paste the same five lines six times. yaaaaaaaaay
|
||||
|
||||
{.bigemoji .pixel} \
|
||||
|
||||
```svg
|
||||
<svg style="position: absolute">
|
||||
<filter id="fouter">
|
||||
<feFlood result="hue" flood-color="#57267e" />
|
||||
<feBlend in="hue" in2="SourceGraphic" mode="hue" result="res" />
|
||||
<!-- ↓ without this the background will also be filled in -->
|
||||
<feComposite in="res" in2="SourceGraphic" operator="in" />
|
||||
</filter>
|
||||
<!-- …and same for the others, with different flood-colors -->
|
||||
</svg>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```css
|
||||
#outer { filter: url(#fouter); }
|
||||
/* …etc… */
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
and…
|
||||
|
||||
{.expandable .nobg}
|
||||
|
||||
i was expecting at least the same thing, but a different, also wrong, result is pretty cool.
|
||||
|
||||
# drastic measures {#actual}
|
||||
|
||||
ok, enough messing around, time to bite the bullet. separate every single colour into its own layer, and use those as _masks_ for colour fills.
|
||||
|
||||
now the pieces look like _this_:
|
||||
|
||||
{.expandable .lightbg}
|
||||
|
||||
the colours in the images no longer matters, only the alpha channel. [(except for the eyes.)]{.note} each one is just a mask over a background fill of the right colour.
|
||||
|
||||
```css
|
||||
@layer {
|
||||
#container { position: relative; width: 90vw; aspect-ratio: 3439/2240; }
|
||||
#container div { position: absolute; inset: 0; mask-size: contain; }
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@layer {
|
||||
#static { background: url(front/static.png) 0 0 / contain; }
|
||||
#eye-shine {
|
||||
background: url(front/eyes.png) 0 0 / contain;
|
||||
mix-blend-mode: luminosity;
|
||||
}
|
||||
/* the others all look like this: */
|
||||
#spines {
|
||||
background: oklch(30.77% 0.1306 var(--hue)); --hue: 298.19;
|
||||
mask-image: url(front/spines.png);
|
||||
}
|
||||
/* etc… */
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```html
|
||||
<div id=container>
|
||||
<!-- divs not images now. the images are all in the background properties -->
|
||||
<div class=part id=static></div>
|
||||
<div class=part id=spines></div>
|
||||
<div class=part id=stripes></div>
|
||||
<!-- etc… -->
|
||||
<div id=eye-shine></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
since the hue is separated out into a variable, i can just do:
|
||||
|
||||
```js
|
||||
for (const elem of document.getElementsByClassName('part')) {
|
||||
elem.style.setProperty('--hue', Math.random() * 360);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
and instantly i have _something_ working. i used `oklch` because it was more likely than `hsl` or whatever to keep the colours the same kind of distance from each other, since that is what it's designed for.
|
||||
|
||||
{.expandable .hasborder}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# keeping the colours in sync
|
||||
|
||||
so as of last year, most browsers got a thing called [relative colours]. if you have an existing colour `--hi`, you can rotate its hue by half a turn by saying something like
|
||||
|
||||
[relative colours]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_colors/Relative_colors
|
||||
|
||||
```css
|
||||
:root {
|
||||
--hi: #ea9aa1;
|
||||
--wow: oklch(from var(--hi) l c calc(h + 180));
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
header-includes: |
|
||||
<style>
|
||||
#relcolor {
|
||||
max-width: 20em; margin: auto;
|
||||
display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: .5em;
|
||||
font-weight: bold;
|
||||
--hi: #ea9aa1; --wow: oklch(from var(--hi) l c calc(h + 180));
|
||||
}
|
||||
#relcolor div {
|
||||
text-align: center; font-size: 125%;
|
||||
padding: .4em; border-radius: .5em;
|
||||
color: black;
|
||||
background: var(--bg);
|
||||
border: 4px solid oklch(from var(--bg) .25 75% h);
|
||||
}
|
||||
#hi { --bg: var(--hi); }
|
||||
#wow { --bg: var(--wow); }
|
||||
</style>
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
<div id=relcolor>
|
||||
<div id=hi>\--hi</div>
|
||||
<div id=wow>\--wow</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
you're taking the value of `var(--hi)`, keeping the lightness and chroma channels the same, and adding 180° to the hue.
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
that's not quite true. safari, as always, does it slightly wrong. according to the spec, all channels in a relative colour must be dimensionless, but in safari, the hue is an `<angle>`. other browsers, following the spec correctly, _don't allow_ that. so you _actually_ have to write
|
||||
|
||||
```css
|
||||
:root {
|
||||
--hi: #ea9aa1;
|
||||
--wow: oklch(from var(--hi) l c calc(h + 180));
|
||||
}
|
||||
@supports (color: oklch(from red l c 10deg)) {
|
||||
:root { --wow: oklch(from var(--hi) l c calc(h + 180deg)); }
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
thanks apple!
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
so based on that, i can pick one initial colour and base all the others on it. like
|
||||
|
||||
```css
|
||||
:root {
|
||||
/* these aren't attempting to be the same colours, just guessing something
|
||||
that MIGHT look nice */
|
||||
--outer: #57267e;
|
||||
--spines: oklch(from var(--outer) calc(l * .75) calc(c * 1.25) h);
|
||||
--vitiligo1: oklch(from var(--outer) calc(1 - (1 - l)/4) calc(c / 2) h);
|
||||
|
||||
/* static l/c values because the socks are always some pale colour */
|
||||
--stripes: oklch(from var(--outer) .9 12.5% calc(h + 120));
|
||||
--cuffs: oklch(from var(--stripes) .8 25% h);
|
||||
/* etc */
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.outer { background: var(--outer); mask-image: url(front/outer.png); }
|
||||
/* etc */
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
so after guessing a bunch of relative colours, i ended up with this:
|
||||
|
||||
{.expandable .nobg}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## notes for niss. if this goes online i fucked up
|
||||
|
||||
- palette types
|
||||
- randomise distance between analogous colours
|
||||
- light, dark, light-dark, dark-light (belly vs outer)
|
||||
- reinstate chaos mode
|
||||
- can you set the random seed in the browser
|
||||
- no. anyway the algorithm might be different
|
||||
- make yr own
|
||||
- or <https://stackoverflow.com/a/47593315>. whatever
|
||||
- if so: use that to make palette permalinks
|
||||
BIN
posts-wip/rainbow-quox/blends.avif
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
date: 2023-12-25
|
||||
title: merr chrismas
|
||||
tags: [lántas, conlangs]
|
||||
tags: [lántas, conlangs, fursona]
|
||||
conlang: laantas
|
||||
summary: |
|
||||
how to say "merr chrismas" in my conlang lántas.
|
||||
|
|
@ -80,7 +80,11 @@ midwinter".
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
::: {.twocol-grid .light}
|
||||
{width=100%}
|
||||
<figure class=hasborder>
|
||||
<a href=https://gallery.niss.website/main/niss/2023-12-25-merr-crismas/>
|
||||
<img src=chrismas/1.webp>
|
||||
</a>
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
::: {.glosses .left}
|
||||
- þugusim ai
|
||||
|
|
@ -90,7 +94,11 @@ midwinter".
|
|||
- it crismas
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
{width=100%}
|
||||
<figure class=hasborder>
|
||||
<a href=https://gallery.niss.website/main/niss/2023-12-25-merr-crismas/>
|
||||
<img src=chrismas/2.webp>
|
||||
</a>
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
::: {.glosses .left}
|
||||
- ufi þugusinhari
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
BIN
posts/chrismas/1.webp
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posts/chrismas/1.webp
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 60 KiB |
BIN
posts/chrismas/2.webp
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posts/chrismas/2.webp
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 42 KiB |
|
|
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ summary: >
|
|||
i redesigned my personal website. it was a bit of an ordeal.
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
{.floating .right}
|
||||
{.floating .right .expandable}
|
||||
|
||||
so for the past little while i've been making a big update to my [personal website]. it's a cube now! i wanted to make sure it worked in several browsers:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
BIN
posts/cube/cube.webp
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BIN
posts/cube/cube.webp
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 301 KiB |
129
posts/first-person-pronouns.md
Normal file
129
posts/first-person-pronouns.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: lántas pronoun update
|
||||
date: 2024-11-25
|
||||
tags: [lántas, conlangs]
|
||||
conlang: laantas
|
||||
summary: first-person neopronouns. and… neoinflections?
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
so my "main" conlang [`@lántas@`][l] is actually kind of old at this point. old enough that when i made the personal pronouns, i didn't know that plurality was a thing that existed, so until today, the first person pronouns were `{!ká}` in the singular, and `{!til}` in the [(grammatical)]{.note} plural. except that `{til}` is an [`@inclusive@`][clus] pronoun, meaning it can only be used when the listener is included. which, as you can see from the fact it has a wikipedia article, is a thing that real life languages do sometimes.
|
||||
|
||||
[l]: https://lang.niss.website/laantas
|
||||
[clus]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clusivity
|
||||
|
||||
however, when someone uses "we" to mean "me and my headmates", that is (usually??) an exclusive usage. which means you can't use `{til}`, or the first-person plural verb inflection, and instead have to say `{#kakas rú, rúl}` `{kakas rú(l)}`, or "me and them". which is… pretty awkward.
|
||||
|
||||
it's time to get a new one.
|
||||
|
||||
# pronouns
|
||||
|
||||
:::{.figure .hugescr .floating .right}
|
||||
`{#kál}`
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
it seems that it would be pretty unlikely, given people's general _attitudes_, that a personal pronoun dedicated to plurality would arise naturally. so this is the perfect opportunity to have a `@neopronoun@`. without grammatical gender existing in the first place, there's no particular pressure for a new third-person pronoun to crop up. `{!rú}` (or `{!rúl}`) fits everyone just fine. as far as i know, anyway.
|
||||
|
||||
so, `{!kál}`. it is pretty transparently the singular pronoun with the regular plural ending, `{!ká–l}`. but that's fine. it fits in with `{!rú}`, `{!rúl}` 'he/she/they (sg)/etc, they (pl)', and _almost_ with `{!sur}`, `{!sual}` 'you (sg)/you (pl)' too.
|
||||
|
||||
`{!kál}` inflects almost like a regular noun with `{!ka–}` stem, except for the <abbr class=abbr title=comitative>COM</abbr>, which matches `{!tiksł}` and `{!ruksł}`, and the locative cases, which keep the long vowel like `{!ká}` does.
|
||||
|
||||
in the table `!SPL!` stands for `@system plural@` i guess. (and `!IPL!` for `@inclusive plural@`; the old thing.)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
header-includes: |
|
||||
<style>
|
||||
.ptable, .vtable {
|
||||
text-align: center;
|
||||
th:nth-child(3) {
|
||||
background: var(--fg);
|
||||
color: var(--bg);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
</style>
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
<table class=ptable>
|
||||
<thead><tr>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title='first person singular'>1SG</abbr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title='first person system-plural'>1SPL</abbr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title='first person inclusive plural'>1EPL</abbr>
|
||||
<tbody><tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=nominative>NOM</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!ká}`
|
||||
<td> `{!kál}`
|
||||
<td> `{!til}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=genitive>GEN</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!kat}`
|
||||
<td> `{!katł}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tial}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=comitative>COM</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!kakas}`
|
||||
<td> `{!kaksł}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tiksł}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=caritive>CAR</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!kassa}`
|
||||
<td> `{!kassal}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tissal}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=instrumental>INS</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!kala}`
|
||||
<td> `{!kalal}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tilla}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=essive>ESS</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!kugu}`
|
||||
<td> `{!kugul}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tigul}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=translative>TRA</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!kasti}`
|
||||
<td> `{!kastil}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tistil}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=exessive>EXE</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!kaču}`
|
||||
<td> `{!kačul}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tičul}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title='locative stem'>LOC</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!ká–}`
|
||||
<td> `{!ká–l}`
|
||||
<td> `{!tí–l}`
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
see [§3–4 of the noun page][cases] for inadequate descriptions of these cases that one day i will maybe expand on.
|
||||
|
||||
[cases]: https://lang.niss.website/laantas/nouns.html#corecases
|
||||
|
||||
# verb inflections
|
||||
|
||||
:::{.figure .hugescr .floating .right}
|
||||
`{#–káš}` <br> `{#–kúš}`
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
the existing [person suffixes][ps] for verbs actually have no resemblance at all to the pronouns. the new one does though. after all, it's new! it's `{!–káš}` for the subject and `{!–kúš}` for the object.
|
||||
|
||||
[ps]: http://lang.niss.website/laantas/verbs.html#person
|
||||
|
||||
<table class=vtable>
|
||||
<thead><tr>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title='first person singular'>1SG</abbr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title='first person system-plural'>1SPL</abbr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title='first person inclusive plural'>1EPL</abbr>
|
||||
<tbody><tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=subject>SBJ</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!–na}`
|
||||
<td> `{!–káš}`
|
||||
<td> `{!–náš}`
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<th> <abbr class=abbr title=object>OBJ</abbr>
|
||||
<td> `{!–du}`
|
||||
<td> `{!–kúš}`
|
||||
<td> `{!–dúš}`
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
62
posts/goodbye-cohost.md
Normal file
62
posts/goodbye-cohost.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: goodbye cohost
|
||||
tags: [misc]
|
||||
date: 2024-10-01
|
||||
summary: thanks for being a website.
|
||||
header-includes: |
|
||||
<style>
|
||||
@font-face {
|
||||
font-family: PressStart;
|
||||
src: url(goodbye-cohost/PressStart2P-Regular.woff2) format('woff2'),
|
||||
url(goodbye-cohost/PressStart2P-Regular.ttf) format('ttf');
|
||||
}
|
||||
.screen {
|
||||
font-family: PressStart, monospace;
|
||||
line-height: 2em;
|
||||
height: 20lh;
|
||||
width: 28ch;
|
||||
background: black;
|
||||
color: white;
|
||||
padding: 5px;
|
||||
margin: auto;
|
||||
white-space: pre;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.screen + :is(.screen, audio) { margin-top: 1lh; }
|
||||
.green { color: #0f0; }
|
||||
.red { color: #f00; }
|
||||
.cyan { color: #0df; }
|
||||
.yellow { color: #ff0; }
|
||||
.center { width: 7ch; display: block; margin: .5lh auto; }
|
||||
audio {
|
||||
display: block;
|
||||
font-family: PressStart;
|
||||
width: calc(28ch + 10px);
|
||||
margin: 0 auto;
|
||||
}
|
||||
</style>
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
```{=html}
|
||||
<audio src=goodbye-cohost/hiscore.mp3 controls loop></audio>
|
||||
<div class=screen> <span class=green>HIGH SCORE</span>
|
||||
6969420 <span class=yellow>6969420</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=red>CONGRATURATIONS !!</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=cyan>NOW YOU SAVE EGGBUG
|
||||
AND
|
||||
THE ADVENTURE IS OVER
|
||||
|
||||
THANK YOU
|
||||
FROM
|
||||
WEB SITE jkap
|
||||
vogon
|
||||
GRAPHIC DESIGN aidan
|
||||
MODERATION kaara
|
||||
AND</span>
|
||||
AMUSEMENT CREATER
|
||||
<img src=goodbye-cohost/cohost.svg class=center>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
thanks for being a website.
|
||||
BIN
posts/goodbye-cohost/PressStart2P-Regular.ttf
Normal file
BIN
posts/goodbye-cohost/PressStart2P-Regular.ttf
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
BIN
posts/goodbye-cohost/PressStart2P-Regular.woff2
Normal file
BIN
posts/goodbye-cohost/PressStart2P-Regular.woff2
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
1
posts/goodbye-cohost/cohost.svg
Normal file
1
posts/goodbye-cohost/cohost.svg
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 6.4 KiB |
BIN
posts/goodbye-cohost/hiscore.mp3
Normal file
BIN
posts/goodbye-cohost/hiscore.mp3
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
92
posts/qt-refsheet.md
Normal file
92
posts/qt-refsheet.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: q.t. refsheet transcriptions
|
||||
date: 2024-11-26
|
||||
tags: [fursona, lántas, conlangs]
|
||||
conlang: laantas
|
||||
summary: quick post for the text on q.t.'s refsheet
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
:::figure
|
||||
<a href=https://gallery.niss.website/main/niss/2024-11-26-qt-ref-2024/>
|
||||
|
||||
</a>
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
fitting lántas into a strictly eight-pixel high font was… difficult. and involved a lot of special-casing. it would be a huge hassle to get a computer to do it automatically.
|
||||
|
||||
anyway let's get to it
|
||||
|
||||
:::{.glosses .left}
|
||||
- kuaksat pasaga
|
||||
- [ˈkɔə̯ksət ˌpasəɣɐ]
|
||||
- kuaksa-t pas-aga
|
||||
- quox-GEN two-body
|
||||
- quox taur
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
- #6# mitral. #19# fútkasł #8# inčil
|
||||
- [ˌdʒutːə ˈmitɾɐl ‖ ˌtaksɪːstʊ ˈfuːtkɑsɫ | ˌn̩daː ˈʔintʃiɬʲ]
|
||||
- ǧutta mitra-l. taks(a)-ístu fút-kas-ł ńdá inči-l
|
||||
- six metre-PL. ten-nine foot-COM-PL eight inch-PL
|
||||
- 6m. 19′ 8″
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
- #376666# kígíl
|
||||
- [ˌkɑɫːeˌbuʃɻ̩ ˌlivɪnɐˌtaksə ˌdʒutːəˌxɑːruəɬʲ dʒutːəbuʃɻ̩ ˌdʒutːɐtʃutːə ˈkɛːʝɛɬʲ]
|
||||
- kalli-bušŕ libina-taksa-ǧutta-hárual ǧutta-bušŕ ǧuttaččutta kígí-l
|
||||
- 3 76 6 66 kg-PL
|
||||
- 376,666 kg
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
- #829660# pundł
|
||||
- [ˌn̩daːˌbuʃɻ̩ ˌpastɐksˌiːstʊˌxɑːruəɬʲ ˌdʒutːəˌbuʃɻ̩ ˌdʒutːɐksə ˈpundɫ̩]
|
||||
- ńdá-bušŕ pas-taks(a)-ístu-hárual ǧutta-bušŕ ǧut(ta)-taksa pund(a)-ł
|
||||
- 8 29 6 60 pound-PL
|
||||
- 829,660 lb
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
- nakasnala samńt kaubal
|
||||
- [ˌnakɑsnɐlə ˈsamn̩t kɑʊvɐɬʲ]
|
||||
- na-kas-na-la samń-t kauba-l
|
||||
- one-COM-one-INS colour-GEN group-PL
|
||||
- all sets of colours
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
:::aside
|
||||
btw, `{!nakasnai}`, literally "anything and anything", means "everything". i forgot which language i stole that from, sorry.
|
||||
|
||||
it can be shortened to `{!násna}`, and its derived forms `{!nakasnala}` "every" and `{!nakasnanua}` "always" can be shortened to `{!násná}` [(ending with a long vowel)]{.note} and `{!násnua}` respectively.
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
:::{.glosses .left}
|
||||
- násnua álitkiðkasł dilwitł ippau
|
||||
- [ˌnaːsnʊə ˈaːlɪtkɛθkɑsɫ̩ ˈdilwetɫ ipːɑʊ]
|
||||
- nakasna(i)-nua álit-kið-kas-ł dilwi-t-ł ippau
|
||||
- all-INTER neck-ring-COM sock-GEN-PL wear
|
||||
- always wears collars and socks
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
- ustaimł! panísat igisḿt ǧunaimkas pattal
|
||||
- [ˈustɐɪmɫ̩ ‖ pɐˌniːsɐt ˌiʝɛsm̩t ˈdʒnɐimkɑs ˈpatːaɬʲ]
|
||||
- ustai-m-ł panísa-t igis-ḿ-t ǧunai-m-kas patta-l
|
||||
- magic-DEF-PL blue-GEN crystal-DEF-GEN rod-DEF-COM portal-PL
|
||||
- magic! the blue crystal rod and portals
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
- kalli talaskasł nai usu liččali ai
|
||||
- [ˌkɑɫːe ˈtalɐskɑsɫ̩ ˌnæɪj‿ˈusʊ ˌlitːʃɐlɪj‿æɪ]
|
||||
- kalli talas-kas-ł nai usu ličča-li ai
|
||||
- three head-COM-PL one mind much-IN be
|
||||
- there are three heads but usually one mind
|
||||
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
you may notice some discrepancies between these squiggles and the squiggles on the refsheet. ~~oops! i'll fix em tomorrow.~~ it wasn't quite "tomorrow" but it's done now.
|
||||
|
||||
well bye
|
||||
BIN
posts/qt-refsheet/ref.webp
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posts/qt-refsheet/ref.webp
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|
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|
|
@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
date: 2024-03-14
|
||||
title: quorientation
|
||||
tags: [lántas, conlangs]
|
||||
tags: [fursona, lántas, conlangs]
|
||||
conlang: laantas
|
||||
summary: |
|
||||
in my latest art, i put some text in lántas. here is approximately
|
||||
too much detail about that.
|
||||
header-includes: <base href=quorientation>
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
<figure>
|
||||
<a href=http://gallery.niss.website/main/niss/2024-03-14-quorientation/>
|
||||
<img src=../images/quorientation.png>
|
||||
<img src=quorientation/pic.webp>
|
||||
</a>
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -40,7 +41,7 @@ you know! the thing! from the game!
|
|||
|
||||
<figure class='floating right'>
|
||||
<figcaption> well. from the fan translation </figcaption>
|
||||
<img src=../images/skip-some-floors.png class=pixel alt=''>
|
||||
<img src=quorientation/skip-some-floors.png class=pixel alt=''>
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
- out of context, `{!patta}` means door. i suppose a portal would be a magic
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
BIN
posts/quorientation/pic.webp
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BIN
posts/quorientation/pic.webp
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|
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posts/quorientation/skip-some-floors.png
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 10 KiB |
BIN
sources/cube.kra
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sources/cube.kra
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/blends.png
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 397 KiB |
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 320 KiB |
BIN
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 302 KiB |
BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/front.png
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/front.png
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 500 KiB |
BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/pieces1.kra
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/pieces1.kra
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/pieces2.kra
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/pieces2.kra
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/quoxes1.kra
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/quoxes1.kra
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/quoxes1.png
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/quoxes1.png
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 6.4 MiB |
BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/red.png
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/red.png
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 468 KiB |
BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/relative.png
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BIN
sources/rainbow-quox/relative.png
Normal file
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 1 MiB |
|
|
@ -38,10 +38,9 @@
|
|||
|
||||
:root, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
|
||||
|
||||
main {
|
||||
border-bottom: 2px dotted var(--fg);
|
||||
main, footer { max-width: 50rem; }
|
||||
|
||||
max-width: 50em;
|
||||
main {
|
||||
min-height: 100%;
|
||||
margin: 1em auto 0;
|
||||
padding: 0.5em 2em;
|
||||
|
|
@ -63,10 +62,13 @@ header {
|
|||
header h1 {
|
||||
font-size: 200%;
|
||||
margin: 0;
|
||||
font-weight: normal;
|
||||
text-transform: uppercase;
|
||||
letter-spacing: 0.4ch;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { */
|
||||
h1 {
|
||||
main h1 {
|
||||
margin: 1em 0 0.25em;
|
||||
|
||||
font-weight: normal;
|
||||
|
|
@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ pre, :not(pre) > code {
|
|||
pre, :not(pre) > code { background: hsla(0deg 0% 00% / 30%); }
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
:not(pre) > code { padding: 0 5px; }
|
||||
:not(pre) > code { padding: 0 5px; white-space: nowrap; }
|
||||
|
||||
pre {
|
||||
clear: both;
|
||||
|
|
@ -260,17 +262,21 @@ pre {
|
|||
font-weight: normal;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.gloss .abbr, .abbr-list dt {
|
||||
.abbr, .abbr-list dt {
|
||||
font-variant: all-small-caps;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.scr {
|
||||
height: 1.5em;
|
||||
vertical-align: -40%;
|
||||
margin-right: 0.5ex;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
|
||||
.scr {
|
||||
padding: 2px;
|
||||
background: var(--light);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.gloss-split, .gloss-gloss {
|
||||
font-size: 80%;
|
||||
|
|
@ -280,6 +286,10 @@ pre {
|
|||
height: 2em;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.hugescr .scr {
|
||||
height: 4em;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
:is(.splash, .example) .scr {
|
||||
height: unset;
|
||||
display: block;
|
||||
|
|
@ -344,15 +354,33 @@ blockquote {
|
|||
figure img {
|
||||
max-width: 100%;
|
||||
}
|
||||
figure img:not(.scr) {
|
||||
figure:not(.nobg, .hasborder) img:not(.scr) {
|
||||
border: 3px solid currentcolor;
|
||||
}
|
||||
figure.nobg a img {
|
||||
/* fake outline */
|
||||
filter:
|
||||
drop-shadow(1px 1px 0 currentcolor)
|
||||
drop-shadow(1px -1px 0 currentcolor)
|
||||
drop-shadow(-1px 1px 0 currentcolor)
|
||||
drop-shadow(-1px -1px 0 currentcolor)
|
||||
drop-shadow(1px 0 0 currentcolor)
|
||||
drop-shadow(-1px 0 0 currentcolor)
|
||||
drop-shadow(0 1px 0 currentcolor)
|
||||
drop-shadow(0 -1px 0 currentcolor) ;
|
||||
}
|
||||
figure.lightbg img {
|
||||
background: var(--light);
|
||||
}
|
||||
figure:not(.left) {
|
||||
text-align: center;
|
||||
}
|
||||
figure:not(.left) table {
|
||||
display: inline-table;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.twocol-grid figure {
|
||||
margin: 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
figure table {
|
||||
margin: 1em 0.5em;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -376,6 +404,11 @@ figcaption {
|
|||
line-height: 125%;
|
||||
font-style: italic;
|
||||
margin: 0 auto;
|
||||
text-align: center;
|
||||
text-wrap: balance;
|
||||
}
|
||||
figcaption em {
|
||||
font-style: normal;
|
||||
}
|
||||
:not(.floating) > figcaption {
|
||||
width: 75%;
|
||||
|
|
@ -428,6 +461,7 @@ u u {
|
|||
|
||||
footer {
|
||||
clear: both;
|
||||
border-top: 2px dotted var(--fg);
|
||||
margin: 1.5em auto 3em;
|
||||
|
||||
font-size: 80%;
|
||||
|
|
@ -485,7 +519,7 @@ footer li + li::before { content: ' · '; }
|
|||
}
|
||||
|
||||
blockquote {
|
||||
max-width: 70%;
|
||||
max-width: 85%;
|
||||
border-left: 1px solid black;
|
||||
padding-left: 1em;
|
||||
margin: auto;
|
||||
|
|
@ -500,6 +534,15 @@ blockquote {
|
|||
font-style: italic;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.banner {
|
||||
font-size: 125%;
|
||||
font-weight: bolder;
|
||||
text-align: center;
|
||||
text-wrap: balance;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.banner p:first-child::before { content: '☛ '; }
|
||||
.banner p:last-child::after { content: ' ☚'; }
|
||||
|
||||
:is(h1, h2) .note {
|
||||
font-size: 75%;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
@ -596,6 +639,12 @@ aside.floating :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
|
|||
vertical-align: -0.1em;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.bigemoji {
|
||||
height: 2em;
|
||||
width: 2em;
|
||||
vertical-align: -0.2em;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.citation {
|
||||
font-size: 90%;
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Reference in a new issue