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add script to lántas pages

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Rhiannon Morris 2021-04-29 11:55:54 +02:00
parent ba5522187c
commit f61e5b1146
13 changed files with 332 additions and 143 deletions
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8
laantas-script/Glyphs.hs
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@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
module Glyphs module Glyphs
(Glyph (..), Segs (..), Piece, doGlyphs, (Glyph (..), Segs (..), Piece, doGlyphs,
withSize, size, withSize,
charHeight', lineHeight', spaceWidth', gap', charHeight', lineHeight', spaceWidth', gap',
charHeight, lineHeight, spaceWidth, gap, charHeight, lineHeight, spaceWidth, gap,
initials, finals, vowels, medials, num, numbers, punctuation) initials, finals, vowels, medials, num, numbers, punctuation, wave)
where where
import Data.Map (Map) import Data.Map (Map)
@ -668,3 +668,7 @@ n4Path = P [mA (1.5,0), lR (0,5), sR (-1.5,-3) (-1.5,-5), lR (5,0), lR (0,5)]
n5 = G n5Path 4 n5 = G n5Path 4
n5Path = P [mA (0,0), lR (0,3.5), aR 1.5 1.5 0 Small CCW (1.5,1.5), n5Path = P [mA (0,0), lR (0,3.5), aR 1.5 1.5 0 Small CCW (1.5,1.5),
lR (1,0), aR 1.5 1.5 0 Small CCW (1.5,-1.5), lR (0,-3.5)] lR (1,0), aR 1.5 1.5 0 Small CCW (1.5,-1.5), lR (0,-3.5)]
wave :: Glyph
wave = G {path = wavePath, width = 4} where
wavePath = P [mA (0,2.5), cR (1.5,-2) (2.5,2) (4,0)]

17
laantas-script/GlyphsBase.hs
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@ -21,9 +21,6 @@ gap' = 1.5
withSize :: MonadReader Env m => (Double -> a) -> m a withSize :: MonadReader Env m => (Double -> a) -> m a
withSize f = asks \E {size} -> f size withSize f = asks \E {size} -> f size
size :: MonadReader Env m => m Double
size = withSize id
-- | multiplied by size -- | multiplied by size
charHeight, lineHeight, spaceWidth, margin, gap :: MonadReader Env m => m Double charHeight, lineHeight, spaceWidth, margin, gap :: MonadReader Env m => m Double
charHeight = withSize (* charHeight') charHeight = withSize (* charHeight')
@ -34,7 +31,15 @@ gap = withSize (* gap')
data Segs = P [M Text] | Shift !Double !Double Segs | Segs :<>: Segs data Segs = P [M Text] | Shift !Double !Double Segs | Segs :<>: Segs
instance Semigroup Segs where (<>) = (:<>:) instance Semigroup Segs where
P [] <> s = s
s <> P [] = s
P ss <> P ts = P $ ss <> ts
s <> t = s :<>: t
instance Monoid Segs where
mempty = P []
mappend = (<>)
joinSegs :: Segs -> M Text joinSegs :: Segs -> M Text
joinSegs (P ps) = fmap mconcat $ sequence ps joinSegs (P ps) = fmap mconcat $ sequence ps
@ -74,8 +79,8 @@ type Word = [EGlyph]
doGlyphs :: [Word] -> Env -> Element doGlyphs :: [Word] -> Env -> Element
doGlyphs gs e = wrap $ run act e where doGlyphs gs e = wrap $ run act e where
act = do act = do
E {stroke} <- ask E {stroke, color} <- ask
let gattrs = [Stroke_ <<- "black", Stroke_width_ <<- toPx stroke, let gattrs = [Stroke_ <<- color, Stroke_width_ <<- toPx stroke,
Stroke_linecap_ <<- "round", Fill_ <<- "none"] Stroke_linecap_ <<- "round", Fill_ <<- "none"]
g_ gattrs . mconcat <$> traverse placeWord gs <* newline g_ gattrs . mconcat <$> traverse placeWord gs <* newline
wrap (content, T {width, height}) = wrap (content, T {width, height}) =

9
laantas-script/Main.hs
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@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fdefer-typed-holes #-}
import Prelude hiding (getContents, readFile, writeFile, putStrLn) import Prelude hiding (getContents, readFile, writeFile, putStrLn)
import Svg import Svg
import Glyphs (doGlyphs, lineHeight') import Glyphs (doGlyphs, lineHeight')
@ -14,7 +12,8 @@ data Options =
Opts { Opts {
width, size, stroke :: {-# UNPACK #-} !Double, width, size, stroke :: {-# UNPACK #-} !Double,
inFile, outFile :: Maybe FilePath, inFile, outFile :: Maybe FilePath,
text :: Maybe Text text :: Maybe Text,
color :: Text
} }
deriving Show deriving Show
@ -29,6 +28,7 @@ options = execParser desc where
<*> filePath 'i' "input" <*> filePath 'i' "input"
<*> filePath 'o' "output" <*> filePath 'o' "output"
<*> text <*> text
<*> color
dimOpt s l d = dimOpt' s l l d dimOpt s l d = dimOpt' s l l d
dimOpt' s l n d = option auto $ mconcat dimOpt' s l n d = option auto $ mconcat
[short s, long l, help $ n <> " in pixels", metavar "SIZE", value d] [short s, long l, help $ n <> " in pixels", metavar "SIZE", value d]
@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ options = execParser desc where
text = optional $ option str $ mconcat text = optional $ option str $ mconcat
[short 't', long "text", help $ "use given text instead of a file", [short 't', long "text", help $ "use given text instead of a file",
metavar "TEXT"] metavar "TEXT"]
color = option str $ mconcat
[short 'C', long "color", help $ "set stroke color (any css syntax)",
metavar "COLOR", value "black"]
main :: IO () main :: IO ()
main = do main = do

21
laantas-script/Split.hs
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@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fdefer-typed-holes #-}
module Split (split) where module Split (split) where
import Glyphs import Glyphs
@ -16,11 +14,14 @@ import Data.Void
type P = Parsec Void Text type P = Parsec Void Text
lcChar :: P Char
lcChar = Char.toLower <$> anySingle
longestWith :: String -> (Text -> Maybe a) -> P a longestWith :: String -> (Text -> Maybe a) -> P a
longestWith name p = try $ go . Text.singleton =<< anySingle where longestWith name p = try $ go . Text.singleton =<< lcChar where
go acc = case p acc of go acc = case p acc of
Nothing -> fail $ "longestWith " <> name <> ": " <> show acc Nothing -> fail $ "longestWith " <> name <> ": " <> show acc
Just x -> try (do c <- anySingle; go $ Text.snoc acc c) <|> pure x Just x -> try (do c <- lcChar; go $ Text.snoc acc c) <|> pure x
maxFrom :: String -> Map Text a -> P a maxFrom :: String -> Map Text a -> P a
maxFrom name i = longestWith name \x -> Map.lookup x i maxFrom name i = longestWith name \x -> Map.lookup x i
@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ initial :: P Glyph
initial = maxFrom "initial" initials initial = maxFrom "initial" initials
medial :: P Segs medial :: P Segs
medial = maxFrom "medial" medials medial = P [] <$ chunk "\\" <|> maxFrom "medial" medials
final :: P Glyph final :: P Glyph
final = maxFrom "final" finals final = maxFrom "final" finals
@ -40,18 +41,22 @@ ivowel = maxFrom "vowel" vowels
word :: P [Piece] word :: P [Piece]
word = (<>) <$> some initMed <*> fin where word = (<>) <$> some initMed <*> fin where
initMed = try $ initMed = try $
[(i, ms) | i <- initial, ms <- some medial] <|> [(i, [m]) | i <- initial, m <- medial] <|>
[(v, []) | v <- ivowel] [(v, []) | v <- ivowel] <|>
dash
fin = maybe [] (\x -> [(x, [])]) <$> optional final fin = maybe [] (\x -> [(x, [])]) <$> optional final
number :: P [Piece] number :: P [Piece]
number = [[h1] <> ns <> [h2] | h1 <- hash, ns <- some digit, h2 <- hash] where number = some (digit <|> hash) where
hash = (num, []) <$ chunk "#" hash = (num, []) <$ chunk "#"
digit = [(numbers ! Char.digitToInt i, []) | i <- digitChar] digit = [(numbers ! Char.digitToInt i, []) | i <- digitChar]
punct :: P [Piece] punct :: P [Piece]
punct = [[(p, [])] | p <- maxFrom "punctuation" punctuation] punct = [[(p, [])] | p <- maxFrom "punctuation" punctuation]
dash :: P Piece
dash = (wave, []) <$ chunk "–"
text :: P [[Piece]] text :: P [[Piece]]
text = space *> many (segment <* space) <* eof where text = space *> many (segment <* space) <* eof where
segment = punct <|> number <|> word segment = punct <|> number <|> word

2
laantas-script/Svg.hs
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import Graphics.Svg hiding (mA, mR, lA, lR, cA, cR, sA, sR, aA, aR)
import Data.Text (Text, pack) import Data.Text (Text, pack)
data Env = E {width, size, stroke :: !Double} data Env = E {width, size, stroke :: !Double, color :: !Text}
data St = S {x, y, textWidth, textHeight :: !Double} data St = S {x, y, textWidth, textHeight :: !Double}
-- nb textHeight is one lineheight less than the actual height -- nb textHeight is one lineheight less than the actual height
-- unless ending with a 'newline' -- unless ending with a 'newline'

1
pages/laantas/abbrevs.md
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@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ title: List of abbreviations
hidetoc: true hidetoc: true
backname: Lántas backname: Lántas
backlink: ../laantas backlink: ../laantas
lang: lántas
... ...
:::threecol :::threecol

7
pages/laantas/index.md
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@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
--- ---
title: Lántas title: Lántas
toc: false toc: false
lang: lántas
... ...
:::splash
`{#lántas | size = 200 ; stroke = 7}`
:::
1. [Phonology](phono.html) 1. [Phonology](phono.html)
2. [Writing system] need to extract from the old mess 2. [Writing system](writing.html)
3. [Nouns](nouns.html) 3. [Nouns](nouns.html)
4. [Pronouns, etc](prons.html) 4. [Pronouns, etc](prons.html)
5. [Verbs](verbs.html) 5. [Verbs](verbs.html)

161
pages/laantas/nouns.md
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@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
title: Lántas nouns title: Lántas nouns
backname: Lántas backname: Lántas
backlink: . backlink: .
lang: lántas
... ...
Lántas is unusual (as far as I know) in that words which are often considered Lántas is unusual (as far as I know) in that words which are often considered
@ -13,9 +14,9 @@ genitive case of) nouns.
The basic form of a noun is its singular, in all cases. The plural is formed by adding: The basic form of a noun is its singular, in all cases. The plural is formed by adding:
- `{-al}` to a word ending in `{l}` or `{ł}`, - `{!–al}` to a word ending in `{l}` or `{ł}`,
- `{-l}` to a word ending in a vowel, or - `{!–l}` to a word ending in a vowel, or
- `{-ł}` to a word ending in a consonant, syllabic or not, other than `{l}`. - `{!–ł}` to a word ending in a consonant, syllabic or not, other than `{l}`.
This plural form can also be applied to names of people. In this case it forms This plural form can also be applied to names of people. In this case it forms
what is called an _associative plural_, and refers to a person plus a group what is called an _associative plural_, and refers to a person plus a group
@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ associated with them, usually their family or friend group.
# Definiteness # Definiteness
The definite suffix for nouns `!(DEF)!` is usually `{-m}`, and is used more The definite suffix for nouns `!(DEF)!` is usually `{!–m}`, and is used more
frequently than 'the' in English. For example, in the first sentence below Sam frequently than 'the' in English. For example, in the first sentence below Sam
has one dog, but in the second he is implied to have several. The names of has one dog, but in the second he is implied to have several. The names of
people and places are also definite. people and places are also definite.
@ -46,18 +47,18 @@ people and places are also definite.
The suffix has a few different forms depending on how the word ends: The suffix has a few different forms depending on how the word ends:
Ending Suffix Examples Ending Suffix Examples
------------------------- --------- -------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------- --------------------------------
`{m}` or `{ḿ}` `{-am}` `{šaksḿ}` 'the ash', `{m}` or `{ḿ}` `{!–am}` `{!šaksḿam}` 'the ash',
**TODO word ending in m** **TODO word ending in m**
other consonant or `{ń}` `{-ḿ}` `{lántasḿ}` 'the language', other consonant or `{ń}` `{!–ḿ}` `{!lántasḿ}` 'the language',
`{kášńḿ}` 'the lizard' `{!kášńḿ}` 'the lizard'
vowel, `{ŕ}`, or `{ł}` `{-m}` `{luwam}` 'the truth', vowel, `{ŕ}`, or `{ł}` `{!–m}` `{!luwam}` 'the truth',
`{laksŕm}` 'the fish', `{!laksŕm}` 'the fish',
`{ustaiƶłm}` 'the singer' `{!ustaiƶłm}` 'the singer'
------------------------- --------- -------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------- --------------------------------
A sequence `{ńḿ}` formed in this way is pronounced as `/nm̩/`. In other words, A sequence `{ńḿ}` formed in this way is pronounced as `/nm̩/`. In other words,
`{kášńḿ}` has *two* syllables, not three like it is written. An extra `{-a}` is `{!kášńḿ}` has *two* syllables, not three like it is written. An extra `{-a}` is
inserted after the `{-m}` form of the suffix if it is needed due to another inserted after the `{-m}` form of the suffix if it is needed due to another
suffix following it. suffix following it.
@ -87,38 +88,46 @@ suffix following it.
The definite suffix is used: The definite suffix is used:
:::examples
- When the referent is old information already mentioned. - When the referent is old information already mentioned.
- `{Pas nú bairusina. Nai rala núm manifnut gašnat ippausi.}`\ - `{!Pas nú bairusina.}` \
`{!Nai rala núm manifnut gašnat ippausi.}` \
I saw two people. One of them was wearing a nice shirt. I saw two people. One of them was wearing a nice shirt.
- For people, places, countries, and other proper names. - For people, places, countries, and other proper names.
- `{Ƶuƶ pas kášńł ǧiššimamba nuabia.}`\ - `{!Ƶuƶ pas kášńł ǧiššimamba nuabia.}`\
Those two lizards live above the bakery. Those two lizards live above the bakery.
- In time phrases with `{gimi}`. However, `{naigimi}` 'sometime' is indefinite. - In time phrases with `{!gimi}`. However, `{!naigimi}` 'sometime' is indefinite.
- `{Gimimli lána.}`\ - `{!Gimimli lána.}`\
I'm doing it now. I'm doing it now.
- `{Naigimimli lámána.}`\ - `{!Naigimimli lámána.}`\
I'll do it at some point. I'll do it at some point.
- In statements of general fact. - In statements of general fact.
- `{Númsal pasla aƶal ai.}`\ - `{!Númsal pasla aƶal ai.}`\
Humans have two eyes. Humans have two eyes.
- __TODO: ?__ - __TODO: ?__
:::
The definite suffix is _not_ used (in contrast to English): The definite suffix is _not_ used (in contrast to English):
:::examples
- In superlatives. - In superlatives.
- `{Milnutlit aifa.}`\ - `{!Milnutlit aifa.}`\
It's the smallest. It's the smallest.
- __TODO: ?__ - __TODO: ?__
:::
# Core cases {#corecases} # Core cases {#corecases}
Declension for the core cases of `{nú}` 'man' and `{lun}` 'road' are shown Declension for the core cases of `{!nú}` 'man' and `{!lun}` 'road' are shown
below. Some of the endings are slightly different in the case of a stem ending below. Some of the endings are slightly different in the case of a stem ending
in a consonant or vowel, and if the ending starts with multiple consonants the in a consonant or vowel, and if the ending starts with multiple consonants the
final one of the stem is dropped. final one of the stem is dropped.
@ -126,26 +135,26 @@ final one of the stem is dropped.
:::figure :::figure
  `!SG !` `!PL!`   `!SG !` `!PL!`
----------------------- ----------- ------------- ----------------------- ------------ --------------
Nominative `!(NOM)!` `{nú}` `{nú·l}` Nominative `!(NOM)!` `{!nú}` `{!nú·l}`
Genitive `!(GEN)!` `{nú·t}` `{nú·t·ł}` Genitive `!(GEN)!` `{!nú·t}` `{!nú·t·ł}`
Comitative `!(COM)!` `{nú·kas}` `{nú·kas·ł}` Comitative `!(COM)!` `{!nú·kas}` `{!nú·kas·ł}`
Caritive `!(CAR)!` `{nú·ssa}` `{nú·ssa·l}` Caritive `!(CAR)!` `{!nú·ssa}` `{!nú·ssa·l}`
Instrumental `!(INS)!` `{nú·la}` `{nú·la·l}` Instrumental `!(INS)!` `{!nú·la}` `{!nú·la·l}`
Essive `!(ESS)!` `{nú·gu}` `{nú·gu·l}` Essive `!(ESS)!` `{!nú·gu}` `{!nú·gu·l}`
Translative `!(TRA)!` `{nú·sti}` `{nú·sti·l}` Translative `!(TRA)!` `{!nú·sti}` `{!nú·sti·l}`
Exessive `!(EXE)!` `{nú·ču}` `{nú·ču·l}` Exessive `!(EXE)!` `{!nú·ču}` `{!nú·ču·l}`
  `!SG!` `!PL!`   `!SG!` `!PL!`
-------- ----------- -------------- -------- ------------ ---------------
`!NOM!` `{lun}` `{lun·ł}` `!NOM!` `{!lun}` `{!lun·ł}`
`!GEN!` `{lu·t}` `{lun·t·ł}` `!GEN!` `{!lu·t}` `{!lun·t·ł}`
`!COM!` `{lun·kas}` `{lun·kas·ł}` `!COM!` `{!lun·kas}` `{!lun·kas·ł}`
`!CAR!` `{lu·ssa}` `{lu·ssa·l}` `!CAR!` `{!lu·ssa}` `{!lu·ssa·l}`
`!INS!` `{lun·la}` `{lun·la·l}` `!INS!` `{!lun·la}` `{!lun·la·l}`
`!ESS!` `{lun·gu}` `{lun·gu·l}` `!ESS!` `{!lun·gu}` `{!lun·gu·l}`
`!TRA!` `{lu·sti}` `{lu·sti·l}` `!TRA!` `{!lu·sti}` `{!lu·sti·l}`
`!EXE!` `{lun·ču}` `{lun·ču·l}` `!EXE!` `{!lun·ču}` `{!lun·ču·l}`
::: :::
The _nominative_ is the subject of sentences, and the unmarked form. The The _nominative_ is the subject of sentences, and the unmarked form. The
@ -221,7 +230,7 @@ affirmative statements.)
The most common use of the _instrumental_ case is the "[theme]" of ditransitive The most common use of the _instrumental_ case is the "[theme]" of ditransitive
sentences (while the recipient is in the genitive). It is also used for 'with' sentences (while the recipient is in the genitive). It is also used for 'with'
as in 'using', in distributive phrases such as `{kallila}` 'in threes, in sets as in 'using', in distributive phrases such as `{!kallila}` 'in threes, in sets
of three, three each', for quantity expressions such as units, and quantifiers of three, three each', for quantity expressions such as units, and quantifiers
like 'every'. like 'every'.
@ -312,48 +321,48 @@ indicate the relative position:
::: :::
Unlike for the core cases, the endings are the same regardless of whether the Unlike for the core cases, the endings are the same regardless of whether the
stem ends in a consonant or vowel, so they are only listed for `{nú}`. stem ends in a consonant or vowel, so they are only listed for `{!nú}`.
:::figure :::figure
    `!ESS!` `!LAT!` `!ABL!` `!PRL!`     `!ESS!` `!LAT!` `!ABL!` `!PRL!`
---------- ------- ------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------- ---------- ------- -------------- ---------------- ---------------- -----------------
`!AD!` `!SG!` `{nú·sa}` `{nú·sa·s}` `{nú·sa·n}` `{nú·sa·ri}` `!AD!` `!SG!` `{!nú·sa}` `{!nú·sa·s}` `{!nú·sa·n}` `{!nú·sa·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·sa·l}` `{nú·sa·s·ł}` `{nú·sa·n·ł}` `{nú·sa·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·sa·l}` `{!nú·sa·s·ł}` `{!nú·sa·n·ł}` `{!nú·sa·ri·l}`
`!IN!` `!SG!` `{nú·li}` `{nú·li·s}` `{nú·li·n}` `{nú·li·ri}` `!IN!` `!SG!` `{!nú·li}` `{!nú·li·s}` `{!nú·li·n}` `{!nú·li·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·li·l}` `{nú·li·s·ł}` `{nú·li·n·ł}` `{nú·li·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·li·l}` `{!nú·li·s·ł}` `{!nú·li·n·ł}` `{!nú·li·ri·l}`
`!PRE!` `!SG!` `{nú·ƶu}` `{nú·ƶu·s}` `{nú·ƶu·n}` `{nú·ƶu·ri}` `!PRE!` `!SG!` `{!nú·ƶu}` `{!nú·ƶu·s}` `{!nú·ƶu·n}` `{!nú·ƶu·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·ƶu·l}` `{nú·ƶu·s·ł}` `{nú·ƶu·n·ł}` `{nú·ƶu·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·ƶu·l}` `{!nú·ƶu·s·ł}` `{!nú·ƶu·n·ł}` `{!nú·ƶu·ri·l}`
`!POST!` `!SG!` `{nú·gi}` `{nú·gi·s}` `{nú·gi·n}` `{nú·gi·ri}` `!POST!` `!SG!` `{!nú·gi}` `{!nú·gi·s}` `{!nú·gi·n}` `{!nú·gi·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·gi·l}` `{nú·gi·s·ł}` `{nú·gi·n·ł}` `{nú·gi·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·gi·l}` `{!nú·gi·s·ł}` `{!nú·gi·n·ł}` `{!nú·gi·ri·l}`
`!INTER!` `!SG!` `{nú·nua}` `{nú·nua·s}` `{nú·nua·n}` `{nú·nua·ri}` `!INTER!` `!SG!` `{!nú·nua}` `{!nú·nua·s}` `{!nú·nua·n}` `{!nú·nua·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·nua·l}` `{nú·nua·s·ł}` `{nú·nua·n·ł}` `{nú·nua·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·nua·l}` `{!nú·nua·s·ł}` `{!nú·nua·n·ł}` `{!nú·nua·ri·l}`
`!SUPER!` `!SG!` `{nú·ba}` `{nú·ba·s}` `{nú·ba·n}` `{nú·ba·ri}` `!SUPER!` `!SG!` `{!nú·ba}` `{!nú·ba·s}` `{!nú·ba·n}` `{!nú·ba·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·ba·l}` `{nú·ba·s·ł}` `{nú·ba·n·ł}` `{nú·ba·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·ba·l}` `{!nú·ba·s·ł}` `{!nú·ba·n·ł}` `{!nú·ba·ri·l}`
`!SUB!` `!SG!` `{nú·ku}` `{nú·ku·s}` `{nú·ku·n}` `{nú·ku·ri}` `!SUB!` `!SG!` `{!nú·ku}` `{!nú·ku·s}` `{!nú·ku·n}` `{!nú·ku·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·ku·l}` `{nú·ku·s·ł}` `{nú·ku·n·ł}` `{nú·ku·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·ku·l}` `{!nú·ku·s·ł}` `{!nú·ku·n·ł}` `{!nú·ku·ri·l}`
`!APUD!` `!SG!` `{nú·mi}` `{nú·mi·s}` `{nú·mi·n}` `{nú·mi·ri}` `!APUD!` `!SG!` `{!nú·mi}` `{!nú·mi·s}` `{!nú·mi·n}` `{!nú·mi·ri}`
`!PL!` `{nú·mi·l}` `{nú·mi·s·ł}` `{nú·mi·n·ł}` `{nú·mi·ri·l}` `!PL!` `{!nú·mi·l}` `{!nú·mi·s·ł}` `{!nú·mi·n·ł}` `{!nú·mi·ri·l}`
::: :::
:::figure :::figure
- `{Dufnamsas júlisina.}`\ - `{!Dufnamsas júlisina.}`\
`!(AD-LAT)!` I stuck it onto the wall. `!(AD-LAT)!` I stuck it onto the wall.
- `{Ǧimamsa aihapa?}`\ - `{!Ǧimamsa aihapa?}`\
`!(AD-ESS)!` Are you at home? `!(AD-ESS)!` Are you at home?
- `{Sihamgit ǧimamlis šikkúmána.}`\ - `{!Sihamgit ǧimamlis šikkúmána.}`\
`!(IN-LAT)!` I'll be going home soon. `!(IN-LAT)!` I'll be going home soon.
- `{Sabut kalń káƶuri narasi.}`\ - `{!Sabut kalń káƶuri narasi.}`\
`!(PRE-PRL)!` A black cat passed in front of me. `!(PRE-PRL)!` A black cat passed in front of me.
- `{Ǧimamgi waibifás.}`\ - `{!Ǧimamgi waibifás.}`\
`!(POST-ESS)!` They're playing round the back of the house. `!(POST-ESS)!` They're playing round the back of the house.
- `{Lunsari šikkúsina.}`\ - `{!Lunsari šikkúsina.}`\
`!(AD-PRL)!` I went down the road. `!(AD-PRL)!` I went down the road.
- `{Lunliri šikkúsina.}`\ - `{!Lunliri šikkúsina.}`\
`!(IN-PRL)!` I went across the road. `!(IN-PRL)!` I went across the road.
- `{Lunmiri šikkúsina.}`\ - `{!Lunmiri šikkúsina.}`\
`!(APUD-PRL)!` I followed (alongside) the river. `!(APUD-PRL)!` I followed (alongside) the river.
::: :::
@ -424,17 +433,23 @@ variant is `{-ttás}`.
- The mouse is squeaking quietly. - The mouse is squeaking quietly.
::: :::
From adjectivals, several further derivations can be made: the _equative_, which expresses that two objects have an equal measure of some property; the _comparative_, which says that one object has more of a property than another object; and the _superlative_, which claims that an object has the most of a property. Derivation from `{gaisi}` 'white': From adjectivals, several further derivations can be made: the _equative_,
which expresses that two objects have an equal measure of some property; the
_comparative_, which says that one object has more of a property than another
object; and the _superlative_, which claims that an object has the most of
a property.
:::figure :::figure
----------------------- --------------- ----------------------- ---------------- ------------
Equative `!(EQU)!` `{gaisi·t·sat}` Adjective `{!ausu·t}` big
Comparative `!(CMP)!` `{gaisi·t·pat}` Equative `!(EQU)!` `{!ausu·t·sat}` as big as
Superlative `!(SUPL)!` `{gaisi·t·lit}` Comparative `!(CMP)!` `{!ausu·t·pat}` bigger than
----------------------- --------------- Superlative `!(SUPL)!` `{!ausu·t·lit}` the biggest
----------------------- ---------------- ------------
::: :::
The noun being compared with is in the [essive case](#corecases) for the equative, and the exessive for the comparative. The noun being compared with is in the [essive case](#corecases) for the
equative, and the exessive for the comparative.
:::glosses :::glosses
- ǧimagu ausutsat - ǧimagu ausutsat

38
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@ -2,22 +2,32 @@
title: Lántas numbers title: Lántas numbers
hidetoc: true hidetoc: true
backname: Lántas backname: Lántas
backlink: ../laantas backlink: .
lang: lántas
... ...
--- ------------ ---- ----------------- ---- --------------- ------ ----------------- ---- ------------------ ------ ------------------
1 `{nai}` 10 `{taksa}` 19 `{taksístu}` 100 `{bušŕ}` 1 `{!nai}` 19 `{!taksístu}`
2 `{pas}` 11 `{tahnai}` 20 `{pastaksa}` 1000 `{nifma}` 2 `{!pas}` 20 `{!pastaksa}`
3 `{kalli}` 12 `{tappas}` 30 `{kaldaksa}` 10⁴ `{hárual}` 3 `{!kalli}` 30 `{!kaldaksa}`
4 `{šasḿ}` 13 `{takkalli}` 40 `{šastaksa}` 10⁵ `{taksahárual}` 4 `{!šasḿ}` 40 `{!šastaksa}`
5 `{kaisi}` 14 `{taksasḿ}` 50 `{kaistaksa}` 10⁶ `{bušŕhárual}` 5 `{!kaisi}` 50 `{!kaistaksa}`
6 `{ǧutta}` 15 `{takkaisi}` 60 `{ǧuttaksa}` 10⁷ `{nifmahárual}` 6 `{!ǧutta}` 60 `{!ǧuttaksa}`
7 `{libina}` 16 `{taččutta}` 70 `{libidaksa}` 10⁸ `{kḿpsi}` 7 `{!libina}` 70 `{!libidaksa}`
8 `{ńdá}` 17 `{taksalibina}` 80 `{ńtaksa}` 10¹² `{kahmil}` 8 `{!ńdá}` 80 `{!ńtaksa}`
9 `{ístu}` 18 `{taksandá}` 90 `{ístaksa}` 10¹⁶ `{uhnat}` 9 `{!ístu}` 90 `{!ístaksa}`
--- ------------ ---- ----------------- ---- --------------- ------ ----------------- 10 `{!taksa}` 100 `{!bušŕ}`
11 `{!tahnai}` 1000 `{!nifma}`
12 `{!tappas}` 10⁴ `{!hárual}`
13 `{!takkalli}` 10⁵ `{!taksahárual}`
14 `{!taksasḿ}` 10⁶ `{!bušŕhárual}`
15 `{!takkaisi}` 10⁷ `{!nifmahárual}`
16 `{!taččutta}` 10⁸ `{!kḿpsi}`
17 `{!taksalibina}` 10¹² `{!kahmil}`
18 `{!taksandá}` 10¹⁶ `{!uhnat}`
---- ------------------ ------ ------------------
Numbers between 20--99 are formed by analogy with those from 11--19, for example Numbers between 20--99 are formed by analogy with those from 11--19, for example
`{kaldappas}` for 32 or `{ǧuttaččutta}` for 66. Numbers are given from largest `{!kaldappas}` for 32 or `{!ǧuttaččutta}` for 66. Numbers are given from largest
to smallest, with the value and place of each digit written as one word, so to smallest, with the value and place of each digit written as one word, so
43,523 is `{šasḿhárual kallinifma kaisibušŕ pastakkalli}`. 43,523 is `{!šasḿhárual kallinifma kaisibušŕ pastakkalli}`.

5
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@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
title: Lántas phonology title: Lántas phonology
backname: Lántas backname: Lántas
backlink: . backlink: .
lang: lántas
... ...
# Vowels # Vowels
@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ acute with a stroke: `{ł}`. The diphthongs are spelt `{ai au ia ua}`.
* After `/tʃ dʒ ʃ j/`, `/u uː/` is fronted to `[y ʉː]`. * After `/tʃ dʒ ʃ j/`, `/u uː/` is fronted to `[y ʉː]`.
* Before a syllabic consonant, a small schwa may be inserted if necessary to * Before a syllabic consonant, a small schwa may be inserted if necessary to
make pronunciation easier. This is most common between `/ln̩ nl̩/` and two copies make pronunciation easier. This is most common between `/ln̩ nl̩/` and two copies
of a single sound. For example, `{kalń}` 'cat': `/kaln̩/` → `[kɐlᵊn]`. of a single sound. For example, `{!kalń}` 'cat': `/kaln̩/` → `[kɐlᵊn]`.
* `/r̩ l̩/` are pronounced as `[ɻː ɫ̩ː]`. * `/r̩ l̩/` are pronounced as `[ɻː ɫ̩ː]`.
* Syllabic `/n̩/` assimilates to `[ŋ̍]` before a velar consonant; no other * Syllabic `/n̩/` assimilates to `[ŋ̍]` before a velar consonant; no other
assimilation for syllabic nasals occurs, though. (It does for *non*-syllabic assimilation for syllabic nasals occurs, though. (It does for *non*-syllabic
@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ In places I have forgotten to update, `/θ/` might be written `{þ}` or `{ð}`.
- Before `/i iː iə/`, `/ɾ/` becomes `[ʑ̞]`. - Before `/i iː iə/`, `/ɾ/` becomes `[ʑ̞]`.
- A nasal followed by a plosive assimilates to the same place of articulation - A nasal followed by a plosive assimilates to the same place of articulation
(but for compound words this is not reflected in the spelling), for example (but for compound words this is not reflected in the spelling), for example
`{rabanpa}` `[ravampa]` 'what book?'. `{!rabanpa}` `[ravampa]` 'what book?'.
- The sequences `/tʃs/` is pronounced as `[tʃː]`, and `/ʃs sʃ ʃj sj/` are all - The sequences `/tʃs/` is pronounced as `[tʃː]`, and `/ʃs sʃ ʃj sj/` are all
`[ʃː]`. `[ʃː]`.
- Nasals before `/s x/` decay to a nasalisation of the previous vowel, or are - Nasals before `/s x/` decay to a nasalisation of the previous vowel, or are

51
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@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
title: Lántas pronouns, demonstratives, etc title: Lántas pronouns, demonstratives, etc
backname: Lántas backname: Lántas
backlink: . backlink: .
lang: lántas
... ...
Pronouns are inflected for the same cases as other nouns, though their forms Pronouns are inflected for the same cases as other nouns, though their forms
@ -10,8 +11,8 @@ are somewhat irregular.
# Personal pronouns # Personal pronouns
The first person plural `{til}` is only used inclusively of the listener. For an The first person plural `{!til}` is only used inclusively of the listener. For an
exclusive meaning, a form like `{rukas ká}` ('they and I') is used. exclusive meaning, a form like `{!rukas ká}` ('they and I') is used.
The `!LOC!` column is the word stems which the [locational The `!LOC!` column is the word stems which the [locational
cases](#locational_cases) are attached to. Their suffixes are regular. cases](#locational_cases) are attached to. Their suffixes are regular.
@ -20,16 +21,16 @@ cases](#locational_cases) are attached to. Their suffixes are regular.
:::figure :::figure
`!1SG!` `!1PL!` `!2SG!` `!2PL!` `!3SG!` `!3PL!` `!1SG!` `!1PL!` `!2SG!` `!2PL!` `!3SG!` `!3PL!`
-------- ----------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- ------------ -------- ------------ ------------- ------------ ------------- ------------ ------------
`!NOM!` `{ká}` `{til}` `{sur}` `{sual}` `{rú}` `{rúl}` `!NOM!` `{!ká}` `{!til}` `{!sur}` `{!sual}` `{!rú}` `{!rúl}`
`!GEN!` `{kat}` `{tial}` `{sut}` `{suatł}` `{rut}` `{rutł}` `!GEN!` `{!kat}` `{!tial}` `{!sut}` `{!suatł}` `{!rut}` `{!rutł}`
`!COM!` `{kakas}` `{tiksł}` `{sukas}` `{suksł}` `{rukas}` `{ruksł}` `!COM!` `{!kakas}` `{!tiksł}` `{!sukas}` `{!suksł}` `{!rukas}` `{!ruksł}`
`!CAR!` `{kassa}` `{tissal}` `{sussa}` `{sussal}` `{russa}` `{russal}` `!CAR!` `{!kassa}` `{!tissal}` `{!sussa}` `{!sussal}` `{!russa}` `{!russal}`
`!INS!` `{kala}` `{tilla}` `{sulla}` `{sualla}` `{rulla}` `{rualla}` `!INS!` `{!kala}` `{!tilla}` `{!sulla}` `{!sualla}` `{!rulla}` `{!rualla}`
`!ESS!` `{kagu}` `{tigul}` `{sugu}` `{sugul}` `{rugu}` `{rugul}` `!ESS!` `{!kagu}` `{!tigul}` `{!sugu}` `{!sugul}` `{!rugu}` `{!rugul}`
`!TRA!` `{kasti}` `{tistil}` `{susti}` `{sustul}` `{rusti}` `{rustil}` `!TRA!` `{!kasti}` `{!tistil}` `{!susti}` `{!sustul}` `{!rusti}` `{!rustil}`
`!EXE!` `{kaču}` `{tičul}` `{sučču}` `{suččul}` `{ruču}` `{ručul}` `!EXE!` `{!kaču}` `{!tičul}` `{!sučču}` `{!suččul}` `{!ruču}` `{!ručul}`
`!LOC!` `{ká–}` `{tí–l}` `{sú–}` `{sua–l}` `{rú–}` `{rua–l}` `!LOC!` `{!ká–}` `{!tí–l}` `{!sú–}` `{!sua–l}` `{!rú–}` `{!rua–l}`
::: :::
@ -37,24 +38,24 @@ cases](#locational_cases) are attached to. Their suffixes are regular.
There is a three way distance distinction for demonstratives: a new referent near the speaker/listener, a new referent distant from both, and old information. These will be glossed as 'this', 'yon', and 'that', respectively. There is a three way distance distinction for demonstratives: a new referent near the speaker/listener, a new referent distant from both, and old information. These will be glossed as 'this', 'yon', and 'that', respectively.
The near demonstrative is `{lua}`, whose declension is given below. For distant referents it is `{ƶua}` and for old information `{mua}`; they decline in the same way as `{lua}`. The near demonstrative is `{!lua}`, whose declension is given below. For distant referents it is `{!ƶua}` and for old information `{!mua}`; they decline in the same way as `{!lua}`.
The adjectival (ADJ) forms of these words are used as determiners before other nouns. Note that unlike most nouns, it is distinct from the genitive: compare `{muƶ kalńł}` 'those cats' and `{mut kalńł}` 'that person's cats'. It also lacks stress, unlike the other forms. The adjectival (ADJ) forms of these words are used as determiners before other nouns. Note that unlike most nouns, it is distinct from the genitive: compare `{!muƶ kalńł}` 'those cats' and `{!mut kalńł}` 'that person's cats'. It also lacks stress, unlike the other forms.
:::figure :::figure
`!SG!` `!PL!` `!SG!` `!PL!`
-------- ----------- ------------- -------- ------------ --------------
`!NOM!` `{lua}` `{lul}` `!NOM!` `{!lua}` `{!lul}`
`!GEN!` `{lut}` `{lutł}` `!GEN!` `{!lut}` `{!lutł}`
`!COM!` `{lukas}` `{luksł}` `!COM!` `{!lukas}` `{!luksł}`
`!CAR!` `{lussa}` `{lussal}` `!CAR!` `{!lussa}` `{!lussal}`
`!INS!` `{lulla}` `{lullal}` `!INS!` `{!lulla}` `{!lullal}`
`!ESS!` `{lugu}` `{lugul}` `!ESS!` `{!lugu}` `{!lugul}`
`!TRA!` `{lusti}` `{lustil}` `!TRA!` `{!lusti}` `{!lustil}`
`!EXE!` `{luču}` `{lučul}` `!EXE!` `{!luču}` `{!lučul}`
`!LOC!` `{lu–}` `{lu–l}` `!LOC!` `{!lu–}` `{!lu–l}`
`!ADJ!` `{luƶ}` `{luƶ}` `!ADJ!` `{!luƶ}` `{!luƶ}`
::: :::

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@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
title: Lántas verbs title: Lántas verbs
backname: Lántas backname: Lántas
backlink: ../laantas backlink: ../laantas
lang: lántas
... ...

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@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
---
title: Lántas writing
backname: Lántas
backlink: .
lang: lántas
...
Lántas is written with a simple alphasyllabary, where most glyphs consist of
a consonant or cluster with a descender marking the vowel following it. There
are full-sized letters for vowels, used when they start a word or follow
a syllabic consonant. As a quick example, here's the first sentence of
*the North Wind and the Sun*:
:::example
`{!Ruakul naipa bahútlit aimlis Laksit Fuhamkas Guwanḿ asumsas ba sua.
| file = northwind0 ; size = 60 ; stroke = 2 }`
:::
# Vowels
At the start of a word, or after a syllabic consonant, these 'independent'
vowel letters are used.
:::letter-list
`{!a}` `{!á}` `{!i}` `{!í}` `{!u}` `{!ú}`
`{!ai}` `{!au}` `{!ia}` `{!ua}`
`{!ł}` `{!ḿ}` `{!ń}` `{!ŕ}`
:::
In other cases, vowels are attached to the letter for the previous consonant.
:::letter-list
`{!ta}` `{!tá}` `{!ti}` `{!tí}` `{!tu}` `{!tú}`
`{!tai}` `{!tau}` `{!tia}` `{!tua}`
`{!tł}` `{!tḿ}` `{!tń}` `{!tŕ}`
:::
# Consonants
The basic consonant shapes are:
:::letter-list
`{!t\}` `{!k\}` `{!g\}` `{!d\}` `{!ƶ\}` `{!p\}` `{!b\}`
`{!s\}` `{!š\}` `{!l\}` `{!m\}` `{!n\}` `{!č\}` `{!ǧ\}`
`{!w\}` `{!h\}` `{!f\}` `{!j\}`
:::
Clusters are written with a single glyph called a 'conjunct'. These aren't
always just the two letters glued together but they're not usually too
surprising.
<nav>
[`{t}`](#conj-t) ·
[`{ƶ}`](#conj-ƶ) ·
[`{s}`](#conj-s) ·
[`{l}`](#conj-l) ·
[`{m}`](#conj-m) ·
[`{n}`](#conj-n) ·
[`{r}`](#conj-r) ·
[`{⁎}`](#conj-o)
</nav>
::: {.letter-list #conj-t}
`{!tt\}` `{!tk\}` `{!tg\}` `{!td\}` `{!tƶ\}` `{!tp\}` `{!tb\}` `{!ts\}`
`{!tš\}` `{!tl\}` `{!tm\}` `{!tn\}` `{!tr\}` `{!tč\}` `{!tǧ\}` `{!tw\}`
`{!th\}` `{!tf\}` `{!tj\}`
:::
::: {.letter-list #conj-ƶ}
`{!ƶt\}` `{!ƶk\}` `{!ƶg\}` `{!ƶd\}` `{!ƶƶ\}` `{!ƶp\}` `{!ƶb\}` `{!ƶs\}`
`{!ƶš\}` `{!ƶl\}` `{!ƶm\}` `{!ƶn\}` `{!ƶr\}` `{!ƶč\}` `{!ƶǧ\}` `{!ƶw\}`
`{!ƶh\}` `{!ƶf\}` `{!ƶj\}`
:::
::: {.letter-list #conj-s}
`{!st\}` `{!sk\}` `{!sg\}` `{!sd\}` `{!sƶ\}` `{!sp\}` `{!sb\}` `{!ss\}`
`{!sš\}` `{!sl\}` `{!sm\}` `{!sn\}` `{!sr\}` `{!sč\}` `{!sǧ\}` `{!sw\}`
`{!sh\}` `{!sf\}` `{!sj\}` `{!šš\}`
:::
Conjuncts with `{!š\}` are the same as with `{!s\}`, but with the line above. In
the case of `{!šš\}` the lines join up.
::: {.letter-list #conj-l}
`{!lt\}` `{!lk\}` `{!lg\}` `{!ld\}` `{!lƶ\}` `{!lp\}` `{!lb\}` `{!ls\}`
`{!lš\}` `{!ll\}` `{!lm\}` `{!ln\}` `{!lr\}` `{!lč\}` `{!lǧ\}` `{!lw\}`
`{!lh\}` `{!lf\}` `{!lj\}`
:::
::: {.letter-list #conj-m}
`{!mt\}` `{!mk\}` `{!mg\}` `{!md\}` `{!mƶ\}` `{!mp\}` `{!mb\}` `{!ms\}`
`{!mš\}` `{!ml\}` `{!mm\}` `{!mn\}` `{!mr\}` `{!mč\}` `{!mǧ\}` `{!mw\}`
`{!mh\}` `{!mf\}` `{!mj\}`
:::
::: {.letter-list #conj-n}
`{!nt\}` `{!nk\}` `{!ng\}` `{!nd\}` `{!nƶ\}` `{!np\}` `{!nb\}` `{!ns\}`
`{!nš\}` `{!nl\}` `{!nm\}` `{!nn\}` `{!nr\}` `{!nč\}` `{!nǧ\}` `{!nw\}`
`{!nh\}` `{!nf\}` `{!nj\}`
:::
::: {.letter-list #conj-r}
`{!rt\}` `{!rk\}` `{!rg\}` `{!rd\}` `{!rƶ\}` `{!rp\}` `{!rb\}` `{!rs\}`
`{!rš\}` `{!rl\}` `{!rm\}` `{!rn\}` `{!rr\}` `{!rč\}` `{!rǧ\}` `{!rw\}`
`{!rh\}` `{!rf\}` `{!rj\}`
:::
::: {.letter-list #conj-o}
`{!kk\}` `{!ks\}` `{!pp\}` `{!ps\}` `{!pj\}`
`{!bj\}` `{!čs\}` `{!čč\}` `{!hh\}`
`{!hn\}` `{!hm\}` `{!fn\}` `{!fm\}`
:::
# Punctuation
Punctuation in Lántas is very simple. Phrases within a sentence can be separated
by a single circle, and sentences are ended by a double circle:
:::letter-list
`{!ta, ta | file=comma}`
`{!ta. ta | file=fullstop}`
:::
Both have an equal amount of space either side, more for the second one, and if
they are next to a line break they stay with the previous word.
# Numbers
Numbers are written in base 10. Most of the digits are letters, with the
ascenders removed if they had one. Numbers in running text are indicated by
double vertical bars each side, and are grouped in fours.
:::letter-list
`{!0}` `{!1}` `{!2}` `{!3}` `{!4}` `{!5}` `{!6}` `{!7}` `{!8}` `{!9}`
`{!#18 5263 9772#}`
:::